题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A. Meaning negotiation
B. Communicative Language Teaching
C. Pragmatics
D. Discourse analysis
如果结果不匹配，请 联系老师 获取答案
更多“______studies how sentences in…”相关的问题
But Mr. Keller is right to move away from tipping—and it's worth exploring why just about everyone else in the restaurant world is wrong to stick with the practice.
Customers believe in tipping because they think it makes economic sense. "Waiters know that they won't get paid if they don't do a good job" is how most advocates of the system would put it. To be sure, this is a tempting, apparently rational statement about economic theory, but it appears to have little applicability to the real world of restaurants.
Michael Lynn, an associate professor of consumer behavior. and marketing at Cornell's School of Hotel Administration, has conducted dozens of studies of tipping and has concluded that consumers' assessments of the quality of service correlate weakly to the amount they tip.
Rather, customers are likely to tip more in response to servers touching them lightly and leaning forward next to the table to make conversation than to how often their water glass is refilled—in other words, customers tip more when they like the server, not when the service is good. Mr. Lynn's studies also indicate that male customers increase their tips for female servers while female customers increase their tips for male servers.
What's more, consumers seem to forget that the tip increases as the bill increases. Thus, the tipping system is an open invitation to what restaurant professionals call "upselling": every bottle of imported water, every espresso and every cocktail is extra money in the server's pocket. Aggressive upselling for tips is often rewarded while low-key, quality service often goes unrecognized.
In addition, the practice of tip pooling, which is the norm in fine-dining restaurants and is becoming more common in every kind of restaurant above the level of a greasy spoon, has ruined whatever effect voting with your tip might have had on an individual waiter. In an unreasonable outcome, you are punishing the good waiters in the restaurant by not tipping the bad one. Indeed, there appears to be little connection between tipping and good service.
It may be inferred that a European-style. service ______.
A．is tipping-free
B．charges little tip
C．is the author's initiative
D．is offered at Per Se
A.A. second
B.B. later
C.C. next
D.D. latter
John: Hello, Maria!______.
Maria: Yes, I'm pretty busy lately. How about your studies？
A．comply
B．correspond
C．interact
D．interfere
ntence)
A. Communicative Language Teaching
B. Meaning negotiation
C. Discourse analysis
D. Pragmatics
Are teens and young adults more narcissistic (自恋的) today than in the past？ That's the view of a California researcher who studies【1】people.
In her new book, The Narcissism【2】: Living in the Age of Entitlement, psychologist Jean Twenge of San Diego State University and【3】W. Keith Campbell of the University of Georgia say research shows【4】young people today have "narcissistic traits" than in【5】generations. Such traits, Twenge says, include a very.【6】and inflated sense of self, which is【7】by a preoccupation with MySpace, Facebook and YouTube.
"We've been on this self-admiration cultural【8】for a long time," Twenge says.【9】Twenge's take on today's young people isn't universal. Studies by other researchers, including Canadian【10】Dr. Kali of the University of Western Ontario, have used the same data but found【11】results. "They put a different【12】on it," Kali says.
Twenge's studies have found more narcissistic traits and a【13】rate of increase among college students today, but Kali found that students' narcissism was【14】greater in 2006 than in 1976. Twenge's most recent paper studied the same data as Kali--more than 20 000 college students from 2002 to 2007.【15】researchers used the Narcissistic Personality Inventory to measure narcissistic【16】and findings by both have been【17】in peerreviewed journals.
Twenge's book【18】just a month after The Mirror Effect : How Celebrity Narcissism Is Seducing America, a book co-written by behavioral【19】Drew Pinsky,【20】suggested that a celebrity-obsessed culture is causing more narcissism.
(1)
A．old
B．changeable
C．young
D．depressed
Section A (30 points, 2 points each)
Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 3 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.
A historic change is taking place in higher education. Professors are being held responsible as never before for how well they serve students. It has become as common in colleges and universities for students to grade professors as for professors to grade students.
In fact, student ratings have become the most widely used and, in many cases, the only source of information on teaching effectiveness. In comparing three studies of the same 600 four-year colleges, it was found that the number of colleges using student ratings to evaluate teachers had climbed from 29 per cent to 68 per cent. No other method of evaluation approached that degree of usage, and other studies have found similar results.
One reason that student evaluations of teachers have become so popular is that they are easy to administer and to score. But they also are easy to abuse. If they are to shed meaningful light on teacher's performance, the rating must be used in a way that reflects at least some of what we've learnt about them from research and from experience.
Research and experience have shown us, for example, that student ratings should never be the only basis for evaluating teaching effectiveness. There is much more to teaching than what is evaluated on student rating forms. When ratings are used, we know that students should not be expected to judge whether the materials used in a course are up to date or how well the teacher knows the subject matter of the course. These judgments require professional background and are best left to the professor' s colleagues. On the other hand, students should be asked to estimate what they have learned in a course, and to report on such things as a professor's ability to communicate at the student's level, professional behavior. in the classroom, relationship with students, and ability to arouse interest in the subject.
The central idea of the passage is that ______.
A．student ratings are the only source of information on teaching effectiveness
B．ratings have become the most widely used source of information on teaching effectiveness
C．besides student ratings, there are other methods to evaluate teachers
D．student ratings are very popular and should be properly used
The latest research comes from Dr. Nicholas A. Christakis, at the Harvard Medical School, and Dr. James H. Fowler, at the University of California at San Diego. The【3】reported last summer that obesity appeared to【4】from one person to another【5】social networks, almost like a virus or a fad. In a follow-up to that provocative research, the team has produced【6】findings about another major health【7】: smoking. In a study published last week in the New England Journal of Medicine, the team found that a person's decision to【8】the habit is strongly affected by【9】other people in their social network quit—even people they do not know. And, surprisingly, entire networks of smokers appear to quit virtually【10】.
For【11】of their studies, they【12】of detailed records kept between 1971 and 2003 about 5,124 people who participated in the landmark Framingham Heart Study. Because many of the subjects had ties to the Boston suburb of Framingham, Mass. , many of the participants were【13】somehow—through spouses, neighbors, friends, co-workers—enabling the researchers to study a network that【14】12,067 people.
Taken together, these studies are【15】a growing recognition that many behaviors are【16】by social networks in【17】that have not been fully understood. And【18】may be possible, the researchers say, to harness the power of these networks for many【19】, such as encouraging safe sex, getting more people to exercise or even【20】crime.
(1)
A．so
B．but
C．as
D．although
(41)
A．carefully
B．passively
C．attentively
D．permanently
