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In a market economy, the principle of ______ is the driving force that determines land use.
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更多“In a market economy, the princ…”相关的问题
A．TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market
B．semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises
C．machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions
D．auto industry had lost part of its domestic market
The purpose of the author in writing this text is
A．to highlight the role the stock market plays in productivity gains.
B．to explain why workers and executives get on so well in the 1990s.
C．to compare the economic cycle in the 1990s with that in the 1980s.
D．to examine the New Economy in the 1990s from a new perspective.
The four problems that face the economy of the United States are______.
A. unemployment, inflation, financial crisis and trade deficit
B. unemployment, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit
C. mortgage losses, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit
D. unemployment, market failures, financial deficit and trade deficit
A．companies predicted their results for another fiscal year.
B．auto industries went bankrupt in a Japanese style.
C．security houses suffered great loss of their profits.
D．real estate market quieted down after a boom.
We learn by inference that private property may ______.
A．be viewed as a design of inventive powers
B．be treated as a discovery of our ancestors
C．function as the universal rule of trading
D．serve as the basis of market economy
According to the conservative theory, wage inequality is necessary because ______.
A．it is a condition created by the labor market
B．there is an overall decline in the world's economy
C．technological innovation has not produced the desired result
D．the number of people on welfare has decreased
The shift toward smart flex techs promotes diversity and feeds consumer choice to the point that a Wal-Mart store can offer the buyer nearly 110,000 products in various types, sizes, models and colors to choose among. But Wal-Mart is a mass merchandiser. Increasingly, the mass market itself is breaking up into differentiated niches as customer needs diverge and better information makes it possible for businesses to identify and serve micro markets.
Specialty stores, boutiques, superstores, TV home-shopping systems, computer based buying, direct mail and other systems provide a growing diversity of channels through which producers can distribute their wares to customers in an increasingly demassified marketplace. When we wrote Future Shock in the late 1960s, visionary marketers began talking about "market segmentation". Today they no longer focus on " segments" but on " particles "—family units and even single individuals. Meanwhile, advertising is targeted at smaller and smaller market segments reached through increasingly demassified media.
The dramatic breakup of mass audiences is underscored by the crisis of the once great TV networks, ABC, CBS, and NBC, at a time when Tele-Communications, Inc. of Denver, announces a fiber optic network capable of providing viewers with five hundred interactive channels of television. Such systems mean that sellers will be able to target buyers with even greater precision. The simultaneous demassification of production, distribution and communication revolutionizes the economy and shifts it from homogeneity toward extreme heterogeneity.
Which is true about "mass production" according to the author？
A．It promotes further development in manufacturing systems.
B．It defines the Second Wave economy and will last.
C．It involves intensive information, automation, and customization.
D．It is becoming dated for the present economy.
In a market system individual economic units are free to interact each other in the marketplace. It is possible to buy commodities from other economic units or sell commodities to them. In a market, transactions may take place via barter or money exchange. In a barter economy, real goods such as automobiles shoes, and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade my old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task. Hence, the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. In the modern market economy, goods and services are bought or sold for money.
An alternative to the market system is administrative control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue edicts or commands as to how much of each kind of goods and services should be produced, exchanged, and consumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan, drawn up by government, shows amounts of each commodity produced by the various firms and allocated to different households for consumption. This is an example or complete planning of production, consumption, and exchange for the whole economy.
In a traditional, society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition: every person's place within the economic system is fixed by parentage, religion, and custom. Transactions take place on the basis of tradition, too. People belonging to a certain group Of caste may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter, care for their health, and provide for their education. Clearly, in a system where every decision is made on the basis of tradition alone, progress may be difficult to achieve, a stagnant society may result.
What is the main purpose of the passage？
A．To outline contrasting types of economic system.
B．To explain the science of economics.
C．To argue for the superiority of one economic system.
D．To compare barter and money-exchange markets.
假定货币需求取决于可支配收入，因此，货币市场方程式变为：M/P=L(r，Y-T)。分析在浮动汇率和固定汇率下小型开放经济中减税对汇率和收入的影响。
Suppose that money demand depends on disposable income, so that the equation for the money market becomes: M/P=L(r，Y-T). Analyze the impact of a tax cut in a small open economy on the exchange rate and income under both floating and fixed exchange rates.
The most important development, however, is a non-event: the collapse of global capitalism has not occurred. Instead, the post-crisis world is likely to be even more market-oriented than the one that preceded it, with a proliferation of new rules and practices that will help markets to operate more smoothly. The countries recovering best, such as Thailand and South Korea, are doing so by moving further in a free-market direction. None of the affected nations has tried to isolate itself from the global economy, and the widely feared worldwide wave of protectionism has not yet materialized.
Nor has there been the great rethinking of economic globalization that some feared and others advocated. The critics of global capitalism pounced on the crisis as proof of globalization's fatal flaws. Their analyses often concluded that "there must be something better." On the contrary, economists have taken free-market principles as the starting point for new ideas, not called them into question.
There has been much criticism of the so-called Washington consensus—the traditional free-market orthodoxy that uniformly prescribes fiscal discipline, deregulation, and financial liberalization. Partly as a result of the crisis, a new consensus simply adds extra prescriptions—such as better financial supervision, labor market, etc.—to the list. It is an elaboration of the original consensus, not a new departure.
Numerous studies also show that engagement in the global economy leads to higher growth and helps to reduce poverty in developing countries. Today's economic arguments are not over fundamental free-market policies, but what must be done to supplement them. Likewise, the efforts to devise a new "international financial architecture" in the wake of the crisis, due to continue during the spring meetings of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund in Washington, will not involve rebuilding the system from scratch. The aim is to make incremental improvements in financial rules and practices that will oil the wheels of the market system, not to trade it in for a non-existent new model.
What is the main idea of the first paragraph？
A．After the severe Asian Financial Crisis, the world economy began to recover.
B．Asian Financial Crisis is as devastating as a neutron bomb and causes great damage.
C．There are still direct and indirect impacts so that the economy cannot recover.
D．The direct impact of Asian Financial Crisis has gone.
