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Passage OneThe Urbanization — migration away from the suburbs to the city center — will be

Passage One

The Urbanization — migration away from the suburbs to the city center — will be the biggest real estate trend in 2015, according to a new report.

The report says America’s urbanization will continue to be the most significant issue affecting the industry, as cities across the country imitate the walkability and transit-oriented development making cities like New York and San Francisco so successful.

As smaller cities copy the model of these “24-hour cities，”tfiore affordable versions of these places will be created. The report refers to this as the coming of the “18-hour city，”，and uses the term to refer to cities like Houston, Austin, Charlotte, and Nashville, which are “positioning themselves as highly competitive, in terms of livability, employment offerings, and recreational and cultural facilities.”

Another trend that looks significant in 2015 is that America’s largest population group, Millennials (千禧一代)，will continue to put off buying a house. Apartments will retain their appeal for a while for Millennials, haunted by what happened to home-owning parents.

This trend will continue into the 2020s, the report projects. After that, survey respondents disagree over whether this generation will follow in their parents，footsteps, moving to the suburbs to raise families, or will choose to remain in the city center.

Another issue affecting real estate in the coming year will be America’s failing infrastructure. Most roads, bridges, transit, water systems, the electric grid, and communications networks were installed 50 to 100 years ago, and they are largely taken for granted until they fail.

The report’s writers state that America’s failure to invest in infrastructure impacts not only the health of the real-estate market, but also our ability to remain globally competitive.

Apart from the specific trends highlighted above, which cause some investors to worry, the report portrays an overall optimism borne by the recent healthy real-estate “upcycle” and improving economy. Seventy-four percent of the respondents surveyed report a “good to excellent” expectation of real-estate profitability in 2015. While excessive optimism can promote bad investment patterns, resulting in a real- estate “bubble,” the report’s writers downplay that potential outcome in that it has not yet occurred.

According to the new report, real estate development in 2015 will witness_______ .

A.an accelerating speed

B.a shift to city centers

C.a new focus on small cities

D.an ever-increasing demand

Why are Millennials reluctant to buy a house？A.They can only afford small apartments

B.The house prices are currently too high

C.Their parents' bad experience still haunts them

D.They feel attached to the suburban environment

What characterizes “24-hour cities” like New York？A.People can live without private cars

B.People are generally more competitive

C.People can enjoy services around the clock

D.People are in harmony with the environment

What might hinder real estate development in the U.S.？A.The continuing economic recession in the country

B.The lack of confidence on the part of investors

C.The fierce global competition

D.The worsening infrastructure

How do most of the respondents in the survey feel about the U.S. real-estate market in 2015？A.Pessimistic

B.Hopeful

C.Cautious

D.Uncertain

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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更多“Passage OneThe Urbanization — …”相关的问题
第1题
The best title for this passage is ______. A. Urban Renewal B. Suburban Sprawl

The best title for this passage is ______.

A. Urban Renewal

B. Suburban Sprawl

C. Effects of the Move to the Suburbs

D. Development of the Suburbs

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第2题
The passage suggests which of the following about air pollution？A．Further attempts to redu

The passage suggests which of the following about air pollution？

A．Further attempts to reduce emission from gasoline-fueled vehicles will not help lower urban air-pollution level.

B．Attempts to reduce the pollutants that an individual gasoline-fueled vehicle emits have been largely unsuccessful.

C．Few serious attempts have been made to reduce the amount of pollutants emitted by gasoline-fueled vehicles.

D．Pollutants emitted by gasoline-fueled vehicles are not the most critical source of urban air pollution.

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第3题
From the passage, we know that arsenic is a bigger threat for people who______.A．use groun

From the passage, we know that arsenic is a bigger threat for people who______.

A．use ground water as the source of drinking water

B．drink contaminated water a lot

C．are from European countries

D．live in urban areas

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第4题
From the passage we can conclude that______.A．vegetables need little care while growingB．v

From the passage we can conclude that______.

A．vegetables need little care while growing

B．vegetables can be grown on almost any kind of soil

C．vegetable gardening is an indispensable part of life for urban and suburban people

D．vegetable gardening is a good pastime for retired people

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第5题
As described at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution_____
_.

A．had damaging effects on health

B．existed merely in urban and industrial areas

C．affected the entire eastern half of the United States

D．caused widespread damage in the countryside

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第6题
It can be inferred from the passage that "easy conclusion"（Paragraph 3) is based on one of

It can be inferred from the passage that "easy conclusion"(Paragraph 3) is based on one of the following assumptions:

A．People who migrate from rural areas to large cities usually do so for economic reasons.

B．Most people who leave rural areas to take jobs in cities return to rural areas as soon as it is financially possible for them to do so.

C．People with rural backgrounds are less likely to succeed economically in cities than are those with urban backgrounds.

D．Most people who were once skilled workers are not willing to work as un- skilled workers.

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第7题
Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension （75 points) Directions: There are five reading passages in th

Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension (75 points)

Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.

Passage One

In the 1940s, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside, since most of those making the move were middleclass, they took with them the tax money the cities needed to maintain the neighborhood, in which they had lived. The people left in the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move. Thus many cities began to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation was neglected. (In the past sixty years, San Francisco is the only city in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.) Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to rise higher and higher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was constructed.

Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only. During the day they would be filled with people working in the offices and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, "Why bother with going downtown at all？ Why not move the offices to the suburbs go that we can live and work in the same area？" Gradually some of the larger companies began to move out of the cities, with the result that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more. This movement of business to the suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium as well.

31. What did the city lose when those people moved out to the suburbs？

A. Houses

B. Cars.

C. Jobs.

D. Tax money.

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第8题
Fifty years ago, most people lived in rural areas. But the world has changed. In the near
future, more than half of all people will live in cities for the first time in history.

City life is not always a bad thing, but many experts worry about this process of urbanization (城市化 ). A new report says that process is having a huge effect on human health and the quality of the environment. Of the three billion people who live in cities now, the report says, about one billion live in unplanned settlements. These are areas of poverty, slums that generally lack basic services like clean water, or even permanent housing. More than 60 million people are added to cities and surrounding areas each year, mostly in slums in developing countries. The international community has been too slow to recognize the growth of urban poverty. Policy makers need to increase investments in education, health care and other areas.

The report talks about some successful efforts by local governments and community groups. For example, it says in Columbia, engineers have created a bus system that has helped reduce air pollution and improve quality of life.

The link between urban poverty and the environment is serious, but governments also need to consider why people are moving out of rural areas. Climate changes, droughts, floods—there are many reasons forcing people to leave their farm land.

The two issues of poverty reduction and the environment have existed side by side, but rarely have they connected—until now. Governments are starting to understand that environmental collapse is not a natural cost of economic development. Instead, it is hurting the possibility for growth.

The main idea of the passage is about ______.

A．urbanization and its effects

B．a huge effect of human

C．economic development

D．the environment

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第9题
The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of Lo
ndon, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modern art．Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare.

And yet, city life isn't easy．Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing．Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs(损害)our basic mental processes．(79) After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control．While it's long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that citied actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so.

One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain．Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn．Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life.

This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone(里程碑)．For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities．Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, we're crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of strangers．In recent years, it's become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.

This research is also leading some scientists to dabble(涉足) in urban design, as they look for ways to make the city less damaging to the brain．(80) The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life．The mind needs nature, and even a little bit can be a big help.

Which of the following is the main idea of this passage？

A．The city inspires talented people.

B．The city hurts your brain.

C．The city has many pleasures and benefits.

D．The city seriously affects the natural balance.

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第10题
We develop our impressions of other countries and their people through books, movies, tele
vision, magazines, fellow students, and friends. But is there really any substitute for first-hand experience？

Come, spend a summer studying in the USA, and get to know people and a land which are incredibly rich in their variety. You may end up on an urban campus or a rural one, at a small school or a large one, in a cool climate or a warm one, in San Francisco or St. Louis. But whatever your experience, it will be first-hand, personal, alive, and unforgettable!

If you spend a summer studying in the USA, you'll have advantages which the tourist never will. Not only will you learn the subject matter of your choice, but you’ll gain an understanding of the American educational system as well. You'll experience the culture of the people and the dynamics of your physical environment. But above all, as a student you'll have a chance to meet Americans. Get to know them, communicate, exchange ideas and opinions, and hopefully form. friendships which will endure beyond the length of your stay in the USA.

The following articles will help you in deciding which summer program to choose, what to bring, and how to adjust to the life in the USA. But the first and most important decision is one which you can make right now. Why not say, "This summer, I'll be studying in the USA!"

According to the passage, our impressions of other countries and their people are usually developed ______.

A．through first-hand experience

B．in the very countries

C．through friendships with people

D．through various sources of experience

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第11题
There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large c
ities with factories and heavy automobile traffic. At present, we realize that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide. (76)On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution. Some scientists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) is creating a "greenhouse effect"—conserving heat reflected from the earth and raising the world' s average temperature. If this view is correct and the world's temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be in water.

(77) Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particular matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earth' s temperature—a result that would be equally disastrous. A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to a new ice age, and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top fanning areas. Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen (though one recent government report drafted by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very possible). Perhaps, if we are lucky enough, the two tendencies will offset each other and the world' s temperature will stay about the same as it is now.

As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution ______.

A．caused widespread damage in the countryside

B．affected the entire eastern half of the United States

C．had damaging effect on health

D．existed merely in urban and industries areas

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