No one knows how man learned to make words. Perhap... - 搜题云问答

第1题

A man who knows a bit about carpentry （木工术) will make his table more quickly than the m

A man who knows a bit about carpentry (木工术) will make his table more quickly than the man who does not. If the instructions are not very clear, or the shape of a piece is puzzling his experience helps him to conclude that it must fit there, or that its function must be that. In the same way, the reader's sense and experience helps him to predict what the writer is likely to ,say next; that he must be going to say this rather than that. A reader who can think along with the writer in this way will find the text.

This skill is so useful that you may wish to make your students aware of it so that they can use it to tackle difficult texts. It does seem to be the case that as we read we make hypotheses (假设) about what the writer intends to say; these are immediately modified by what he actually does say, and are replaced by new hypotheses about what will follow. We have all had the experience of believing we were understanding a text until suddenly brought to a halt by some word or phrase that would not fit into the pattern and forced us to reread and readjust our thoughts. Such occurrences lend support to the notion of reading as a constant making and remaking of hypotheses.

If you are interested in finding out how far this idea accords with (符合) practice, you may like to try out the text and questions. To do so, take a piece of card and use it to mask the text. Move it down the page, revealing only one

t a time. Answer the question before you go on to look at the next section. Check your prediction against what the text actually says, and use the new knowledge to improve your next prediction. You will need to look back to earlier parts of the text if you are to make accurate prediction, for you must keep in mind the general organization of the argument as well as the detail within each sentence. If you have tried this out, you have probably been interested to find how much you can predict, though naturally we should not expect to be right every time -- otherwise there would be no need for us to read.

Conscious use of this technique can be helpful when we are faced with a part of the text that we find difficult: if we can see the overall pattern of the text, and the way the argument is organized, we can make a reasoned guess at the next step. Having an idea of what something might mean can be a great help in interpreting it.

The author uses the examples of carpentry and reading to show______.

A．the importance of making prediction

B．the similarity in using one's senses

C．the necessity of making use of one's knowledge

D．the most effective method in doing anything

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第2题

A．It's not important how she dances.B．If she's careful, no one will notice.C．It's too c

A．It's not important how she dances.

B．If she's careful, no one will notice.

C．It's too crowded to dance anyway.

D．No one knows the steps to the dance.

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第3题

How strange is the lot of us （1)_____! Each of us is here for a brief sojourn; for what pu

How strange is the lot of us (1)_____! Each of us is here for a brief sojourn; for what purpose he knows not, though he sometimes thinks he senses it. But without deeper (2)_____ one knows from daily life that one exists for other people—first of all for those upon whose smiles and well-being our own happiness is wholly (3)_____, and then for the many unknown (4)_____ us, (5)_____ destinies we are bound by the ties of sympathy. A hundred times every day I remind myself (6)_____ my inner and outer life (7)_____ the labors of other men, living and dead, and that I must exert myself in order to give in the same measure (8)_____ I have received and am still receiving. I am strongly drawn to a frugal life and am often oppressively aware that I am engrossing an undue (9)_____ of the labor of my fellow-men. I regard class distinctions as unjustified and in the last resort, based on force. I also believe that a simple and unassuming life is good for everybody, physically and (10)_____.

I do not at all (11)_____ human freedom in the philosophical sense. Everybody acts not only under (12)_____ compulsion but also (13)_____ inner necessity. Schopenhauer's saying "A man can do what he wants; (14)_____ not want what he wants," has been a very real inspiration to me (15)_____ my youth; it has been a continual consolation (16)_____ life's hardships, my own and (17)_____, and an unfailing well-spring of tolerance. This realization mercifully mitigates the easily paralyzing sense of responsibility and prevents us from (18)_____ ourselves and other people (19)_____ seriously; it is (20)_____ a view of life which, in particular, gives humor its due.

A．mortals

B．morals

C．immortals

D．mortal

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第4题

The article suggests that______. A. our earth exists before the sun B. how space for

The article suggests that______.

A. our earth exists before the sun

B. how space formed

C. no one knows where the earth comes from

D. our earth used to be part of a high mountain on the sun

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第5题

Passage Three Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for

Passage Three

Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something.

His purpose is settled and decided. He knows what he wants and he just finds it and buys it, but cares little about the price. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it, the salesman quickly takes it out, and the business of trying it on follows at once. If all is well, the deal(买卖) can be and is often completed in less than five minutes, with hard any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.

For a man, small problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman tries to sell the customer something else—he offers the nearest he can to the thing asked for. He would say, "I know this jacket is not the style. you want, Sir, but would you like to try it on for size？ It happens to be the color you mentioned." Few men have patience (耐心 ) with this treatment, and the usual answer is, "This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on."

Now how docs a woman go about buying clothes？ In almost every respect (方面) she does so quite differently. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind about what she wants, and she is only "having a look around". She is always open to what the salesman tells her, even to what her friends tell her. She will try on any number of things. What is most important in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Besides, most women have an excellent sense of value when they boy clothes. The), are always ready for the unexpected bargain (便宜货). Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one counter to another before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It takes time, but surely it is enjoyable to women shoppers. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.

44. When a man is buying clothes, ______.

A. he buys cheap things and does not care about the quality

B. he chooses things that others recommend

C. he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things

D. he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too expensive

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第6题

Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes

shopping because he needs something.

His purpose is settled and decided. He knows what he wants and he just finds it and buys it, but cares little about the price. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it, the salesman quickly takes it out, and the business of trying it on follows at once. If all is well, the deal(买卖) can be and is often completed in less than five minutes, with hard any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.

For a man, small problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman tries to sell the customer something else—he offers the nearest he can to the thing asked for. He would say, "I know this jacket is not the style. you want, Sir, but would you like to try it on for size？ It happens to be the color you mentioned." Few men have patience (耐心 ) with this treatment, and the usual answer is, "This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on."

Now how docs a woman go about buying clothes？ In almost every respect (方面) she does so quite differently. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind about what she wants, and she is only "having a look around". She is always open to what the salesman tells her, even to what her friends tell her. She will try on any number of things. What is most important in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Besides, most women have an excellent sense of value when they boy clothes. The), are always ready for the unexpected bargain (便宜货). Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one counter to another before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It takes time, but surely it is enjoyable to women shoppers. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.

When a man is buying clothes, ______.

A．he buys cheap things and does not care about the quality

B．he chooses things that others recommend

C．he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things

D．he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too expensive

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第7题

This is an amusing short story which illustrates how little people sometimes know about their mother

tongue. The narrator is a woman, a p______ in a taxi whose driver is a Pakistani man e______ to learn English by asking his passengers about new words. Struggling to e______ the meanings of a proverb and an idiom, she realizes how little she really knows about the v______ of her native language and also w______ what kind of answers other, probably equally i______, native passengers might give. In the end she is left hoping that the driver has a d______ and that he will use it to teach himself rather than depend on the native speakers for e______.

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第8题

Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes

shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.

For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else, he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute bluntly; he does so with skill and polish; "I know this jacket is not the style. you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size. It happens to be the color you mentioned. " Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is :" This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.

Now how does a woman go about buying clothes？ In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only" having a look round". She is always open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.

According to the passage, when a man is buying clothes, ______.

A．he buys cheap things, regardless of quality

B．he chooses things that others recommend

C．he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things

D．he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too dear

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第9题

Passage Three No one knows exactly how many disabled （残废的) people there are in the

Passage Three

No one knows exactly how many disabled (残废的) people there are in the world, but estimates suggest the figure is over 450 million. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canada.

In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people. As we get older, many of us will become less mobile (可动的), hard of hearing or have failing eyesight.

Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many progressive disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form. of a mental illness. All are affected by people's attitude towards them.

Disabled people face many physical barriers. Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends, imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic？ But there are other barriers: prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability, not their disability, which counts.

41. The first paragraph points out that ______.

A. it is possible to get an exact figure of the world's disabled people

B. there are many disabled people in the world

C. the number of disabled people in India is the greatest

D. India has not much more disabled people than Canada

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第10题

The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture（针炙) to perform. operations for about 4

The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture(针炙) to perform. operations for about 4,000 years without putting the patient to sleep. This involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body. The needles are available in a number of stores in China and anyone may buy them.

To learn how to use the needles takes about one month of training. But to be skillful requires greater time. (79) The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful. This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed. A particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body. But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.

Today, the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture. (80) They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain, or why a needle in the wrist, for example, Would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.

A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep. It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation but the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.

Acupuncture is ______.

A．a medical operation

B．a medical needle

C．a medical technique

D．a medical machine

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No one knows how man learned to make words. Perhaps he began by making sounds like those m