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[主观题]

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. The question of whether war is inev

itable is one which has concerned many of the world’s great writers. Before considering this question, it will useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for some thing which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and vice of one another.

Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies.

Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however this struggle in nature’s competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for the occupancy of areas free from meet-eating animals. Those who fail in competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.

Among nations there is competition in developing resources trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.

第26题：In the first paragraph, the author gives the definitions of some term in order to ________.

A) argue for the similarities between and human societies

B) smooth out the conflicts in human societies

C) distinguish between two kinds of opposition

D) summarize the that characteristic features of opposition and cooperation

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更多“Questions 26 to 30 are based o…”相关的问题
第1题
Did you ever have someone's name on the tip of your tongue and yet you were unable to reca
ll it？ (21) this happens again, do not try to recall it. Do something (22) for a couple of minutes, and the name may come into your head. The name is there. Since you have met (23) person and learned his name. It only has to be dug out. The initial effort to recall (24) the mind for operation, but it is the subconscious (25) that go to work to dig up a dim memory. Forcing yourself to recall almost never helps because it doesn't loosen your memory; it only tightens it. Students find the preparatory method helpful (26) examinations. They read over the questions (27) trying to answer any of them. Then they answer first the ones (28) which they are most confident. Meanwhile, deeper mental activities in the subconscious mind are taking (29) ; work is being done on the more difficult question. By the time the easier questions are answered, answers to the more difficult ones will usually begin to (30) into consciousness. It is often just a question of waiting for recall to come to the memory.

21.

A. Whether

B. When

C. While

D. As

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第2题
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The method for making beer has chang

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops (啤酒花)，for example, which give many a modem beer its bitter flavor, are a (26)_______ recent addition to the beverage. This was first mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a (27)_______ingredient in residue (残留物)from 5,000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While digging two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots and vessels. The different shapes of the containers (28)_______ they were used to brew, filter, and store beer. They may be ancient “beer-making tools,” and the earliest (29_______ evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To (30)_______ that theory, the team examined the yellowish, dried (31)_______ inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from cereal crops like barley (大麦),and about 10% were bits of roots, (32)_______lily,which would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: the crop was domesticated in Western Eurasia and didn&39;t become a (33)_______food in central China until about 2,000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they indicate barley may have (34)_______ in the region not as food, but as (35)_______material for beer brewing.

A) Arrived

B) consuming

C) direct

D) exclusively

E) including

F) inform

G) raw

H) reached

I) relatively

J) remains

K)resources

L) staple

M) suggest

N) surprising

O) test

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第3题
Did you ever have someone's name on the tip of your tongue and yet you were unable to reca
ll it？【21】this happens again, do not try to recall it. Do something【22】for a couple of minutes, and the name may come into your head. The name is there. Since you have met【23】person and learned his name. It only has to be dug out. The initial effort to recall【24】the mind for operation, but it is the subconscious【25】that go to work to dig up a dim memory. Forcing yourself to recall almost never helps because it doesn't loosen your memory; it only tightens it. Students find the preparatory method helpful【26】examinations. They read over the questions【27】trying to answer any of them. Then they answer first the ones【28】which they are most confident. Meanwhile, deeper mental activities in the subconscious mind are taking【29】; work is being done on the more difficult question. By the time the easier questions are answered, answers to the more difficult ones will usually begin to【30】into consciousness. It is often just a question of waiting for recall to come to the memory.

(61)

A．Whether

B．When

C．While

D．As

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第4题
It is well known that teenage boys tend to do better at math than girls, that male high sc
hool students are more likely 【26】______ their female counterparts to tackle advanced math courses like calculus, that 【27】______ all the great mathematicians have been men. Are women born with 【28】______ mathematical ability？ Or does society's sexism 【29】______ their progress？ In 1980, two Johns Hopkins University researchers tried to 【30】______ the eternal nature/nurture debate. Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow have 【31】______ 10,000 talented seventh and eighth 【32】______ between 1972 and 1979. Using the Scholastic Aptitude Test, 【33】______ math questions are meant to measure ability rather than knowledge, they discovered 【34】______ sex differences. 【35】______ the verbal abilities of the males and females 【36】______ differed, twice as 【37】______ boys as girls scored over 500 (on a scale of 200 to 800) on mathematical ability; at the 700 level, the ratio was 14 【38】______ l. The conclusion: males have 【39】______ superior mathematical reasoning ability. Benbow and Stanley's findings, 【40】______ were published in "Science", 【41】______ some men and women. Now there is comfort for those people in a new study from the University of Chicago that suggests math is not, after all, a natural male 【42】______ Prof. Zalman Usiskin studied 1,366 high school students. They were selected from geometry classes and tested 【43】______ their ability to solve geometry proofs, a subject requiring 【44】______ abstract reasoning and spatial ability. The conclusion 【45】______ by Usiskin: there are no sex differences in math ability.

【26】

A．and

B．than

C．with

D．on

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第5题
Students will need【21】all of their language skills in order to understand the reading sele
ctions in Reader's Choice. The book contains many types of selection oil a wide variety of topics. These selections provide practice【22】using different reading strategies to extract the message of the writer. They I also give students practice in four basic reading skills: skimming, scanning, reading for【23】comprehension, and critical reading.

Skimming is quick reading for the general ideas of a passage. This kind of rapid reading is【24】when you are trying to decide if careful reading is desirable or when there is not time to read something carefully.

Like skimming,【25】is also quick reading. However, in this case the search is more focused. To scan is to read【26】in order to locate specific information. When you read to find a particular date, or number you are scanning.

Reading for thorough comprehension is【27】reading in order to understand the total meaning of the passage.【28】this level of comprehension the reader is able to summarize the author's ideas but has not yet made a critical evaluation of those ideas.

Critical reading demands that a reader【29】judgments about what he or she reads. This kind of reading requires posting and【30】questions such as "Does my own experience support that of the author？" , "Do I share the author's point of view？" And" Am I convinced by the author's arrangements and evidence ？"

(36)

A．used

B．using

C．to use

D．use

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第6题
Suspect sent back to Taiwan XIAMEN （Xinhua)－The Chinese maninland Red Cross organiz

Suspect sent back to Taiwan

XIAMEN (Xinhua)-The Chinese maninland Red Cross organization handed over a suspect in a financial crime to its counterpart in Taiwan here last Thursday.

The repatriated man, Cai Zhiwei. a 27-year-old Taiwan hank clerk, fled to hlong Kong on 30 April, this year with part of the 31. 44 million laiwan yuan C $ 1. 12 million) he had stolen from customer accounts at the bank where he worked.

Cai entered Shenzhen on 1 May, carrying a total of $685,000, including HK $ lmillion ($ l35,l35)in cash, and the rest in traveller's checks.

He was held for questioning when be cashed the traveller's checks at the Bank of China Shenzhen Branch on 5 May. The funds he deposited in a local bank were also frozen.

The Taiwan red Cross expressed thanks for the co-operation of its mainland counterpart and hoped that such co-operation would continue.

The two sides worked out a repatriation agreement in September 1990 and since then have completed a total of 14 repatriations of illegal immigrants and suspected criminals.

QuestIons 11-15 are based on Passage

1. This passage is mostly taken from________.

A. A textbook B. a newspaper

C. a novel

2. The suspect was handed over to____________.

A. a police station in Taiwan B. the immigration office in Taiwan

C. The Taiwan Red Cross

3. Which of the following statements is true about Cai Zhiwei？

A. He is 26 years old

B. He is a salesman

C. He may be involved in a financial crime

4. Which of the following words can be used to replace the word'deposited" in the

sentence"the funds he deposited in a local bank were also frozen"？

A. Placed BStole

C. Stored

5. The suspect was caught_

A. on 30 April B. on 5 May

C. on 1 May

Xinhua)-The Chinese maninland Red Cross organization handed over a suspect in a financial crime to its counterpart in Taiwan here last Thursday

The repatriated man, Cai Zhiwei. a 27-year-old Taiwan hank clerk, fled to hlong Kong on 30 April, this year with part of the 31. 44 million laiwan yuan C $ 1. 12 million) he had stolen from customer accounts at the bank where he worked

Cai entered Shenzhen on 1 May, carrying a total of $685,000, including HK $ lmillion ($ l35,l35)in cash, and the rest in traveller's checks

He was held for questioning when be cashed the traveller's checks at the Bank of China Shenzhen Branch on 5 May. The funds he deposited in a local bank were also frozen

The Taiwan red Cross expressed thanks for the co-operation of its mainland counterpart and hoped that such co-operation would continue

The two sides worked out a repatriation agreement in September 1990 and since then have completed a total of 14 repatriations of illegal immigrants and suspected criminals

QuestIons 11-15 are based on Passage

1. This passage is mostly taken from_ _____

A. A textbook B. a newspaper

C. a novel

2. The suspect was handed over to_

A. a police station in Taiwan B. the immigration office in Taiwan

C. The Taiwan Red Cross

3. Which of the following statements is true about Cai Zhiwei？

A. He is 26 years old

B. He is a salesman

C. He may be involved in a financial crime

4. Which of the following words can be used to replace the word'deposited" in the

sentence"the funds he deposited in a local bank were also frozen"？

A. Placed BStole

C. Stored

5. The suspect was caught____________

A. on 30 April B. on 5 May

C. on 1 May

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第7题
Humans are unique in the extent to which they can reflect on themselves and others. Humans
are able to (21) , to think in abstract terms, to reflect on the future. A meaningless, (22) world is an insecure world. We do not like extensive insecurity. When it (23) to human behavior. we infer meaning and (24) to make the behavior. understandable.

(25) all this means is that people develop "quasi theories" of human behavior, that is, theories that are not developed in a (an) (26) , scientific manner. When doing so, people believe they know (27) humans do the things they do.

Let's consider an example. In the United States people have been (28) with the increasing amount of crime for several years. The extent of crime bothers us; we ourselves could be victims. But it (29) bothers us that people behave in such ways. Why can such things happen？ We develop quasi theories. We (30) concerned about the high crime rate, but we now believe we (31) it: our criminal justice system is (32) ; people have grown selfish and inconsiderate as our moral values weaken (33) the influence of liberal ideas; too many people are (34) drugs. These explanations suggest possible solutions. (35) the courts; put more people in jail as examples to other lawbreaker. There is now hope that the problem of crime can be solved if only we (36) these solutions. Again, the world is no longer meaningless nor (37) so threatening. These quasi theories (38) serve a very important function for us. But how accurate are they？ How (39) will the suggested solutions be？ These questions must be answered with (40) to how people normally go about developing or attaining their quasi theories of human behavior.

A．reason

B．consider

C．understand

D．regard

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第8题
根据下列文章，回答26～30题。For the past several years， the Sunday newspaper supplement Parad
e has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant， who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old； that gave her an IQ of 228-the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies， to envision paper after it has been folded and cut， and to deduce numerical sequences， among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe （whose IQ is 100） as， What's the difference between love and fondness？ Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence？ It's not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.

Clearly， intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it means to be smart？ How much of intelligence can be specified， and how much can we learn about it from neurology， genetics， computer science and other fields？

The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score， even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms： the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales （both come in adult and children's version）。 Generally costing several hundred dollars， they are usually given only by psychologists， although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible， because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age pecks， rather tan simply dividing the mental are by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests， such as the Scholastic Assessment Test （SAT） and the Graduate Record Exam （GRE）， capture the main aspects of IQ tests.

Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life， argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing？”。 Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge， components also critical to problem solving and life success. Moreover， IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership sills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions， but under high-stress conditions. IQ was negatively correlated with leadership-that is it predicted the opposite. Anyone who bas toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters， whether it‘s knowing when to guess or what questions of skip.

第26题：Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test？

A．Answering philosophical questions.

B．Folding or cutting paper into different shapes.

C．Telling the differences between certain concepts.

D．Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones.

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第9题
Last year, my classmate Jane and I graduated from an ordinary normal university. Like most
of the students who had just stepped out of university, we had to【21】. The first tough test——job hunting to【22】a passport to society. And the most【23】part was the job interview. The【24】was very fierce. Dozens of my classmates, Jane【25】, sent our resumes(简历) to a key middle school for a teaching post, making the chance of success as low as 1 to 20.

Before the job interview, I【26】through preparations, including a formal suit, a new ly-done hair, a few【27】on job interviews, and even some ancient Chinese poems【28】I encountered a learned interviewer. On that day everything went off【29】. I answered all the questions fluently. I felt very【30】. Jane was still there waiting for her turn. I made a "V"【31】to her. She smiled at me, looking a little worried. I【32】she was not as eloquent(雄辩的) as, I a week later, all of us received letters of【33】. Another week later, guess what happened! She got the job!【34】congratulating her, I asked her how she got it. She said, "I did【35】, I just wrote them a note of thanks after receiving the letter of refusal." Only then【36】I realize why all the applicants(应有者) has received the same letters and that was also a part of the【37】.

Only a note of thanks, but that was what made all the difference. This experience【38】me a good lesson, that, is【39】excellent you are, you should never forget the【40】manners of saying "thank you".

(41)

A．look through

B．live through

C．go through

D．go on

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第10题
阅读题：Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand, free and universal public education was seen as necessary in a democracy, for how else would citizens learn how to govern themselves in a responsible way？ On the other hand, America was always a country that offered financial opportunities for which education was not needed: on the road from rags to riches, schooling-beyond the basics of reading, writing, and arithmetic-was an unnecessary detour.

Even today, it is still possible for people to achieve financial success without much education, but the number of situations in which this is possible is decreasing. In today's more complex world, the opportunities for financial success is closely related to the need for education, especially higher education.

Our society is rapidly becoming one whose chief product is information, and dealing with this information requires more and more specialized education. In other words, we grow up learning more and more about fewer and fewer subjects.

In the future, this trend is likely to continue. Tomorrow's world will be even more complex than today's world, and, to manage this complexity, even more specialized education will be needed.

26. The topic treated in this passage is _____.

A) education in general

B) Americans' attitudes

C) higher education

D) American education

27. Americans' attitudes toward education have always been _____.

A) certain B) contradictory

C) ambitious D) unclear

28. Today, financial success is closely related to the need for _____.

A) higher education B) public education

C) responsible citizens D) learning the basics

29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.

A) information is our only product

B) education in the future will be specialized

C) we are entering an age of information

D) we are living in an age of information

30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage？

A) The History of American Education.

B) The Need for Specialized Education.

C) The Future of the American Educational System.

D) Attitudes toward American Education.

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第11题
22.245711132224（）

A.40

B.42

C.26

D.30

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