As used in the third sentence of the second paragraph, the word "utter" means ______.A
As used in the third sentence of the second paragraph, the word "utter" means ______.
A) address
B) ultimate
C) thorough
D) decisive
As used in the third sentence of the second paragraph, the word "utter" means ______.
A) address
B) ultimate
C) thorough
D) decisive
As used in the second sentence of the third paragraph, the word "unique" means ______.
A.special
B.attractive
C.financial
D.peculiar Text 2
A) special
B) attractive
C) financial
D) peculiar
A) breakfast
B) bread and butter
C) rice
D) millet
But on average, Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night, a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910. What's worse, nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, that's not nearly enough.
Finding ways to get more and better Sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused by staying up late and sleeping in, by traveling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr. James F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. "Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep, "Jones says.
Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns. "My motto is 'Sleep defensively'," says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep, even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines—like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day—are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference. As with Elaner, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few lifestyle. changes—avoiding stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bedtime, relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep.
What is TRUE of human sleep?
A.Most people need less sleep when they grow older.
B.Most people need seven and a half hours of sleep every night.
C.On average, people in the U.S. today sleep less per night than they used to.
D.For most people, less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night is enough.
Aluminum is lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms. By mixing it with other metals, scientist have been able to produce a variety of alloys, some of which have the strength of steel but weigh only one third as much.
Today, the uses of aluminum are innumerable. Perhaps its most important use is in transportation. Aluminum is found in the engines of automobiles, in the hulls of boats. It is also used in many parts of airplanes. In fact, the huge "airbus" planes would probably never have been produced if aluminum did not exist. By making vehicles lighter in weight aluminum has greatly reduced the amount of fuel needed to move them. Aluminum is also being used extensively in the building industry in some countries.
Since aluminum is such a versatile(多用的) metal, it is fortunate that bauxite(铝土矿) , which is one of its chief sources, is also one of the earth's most plentiful substances. As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal.
The price of aluminum was sharply reduced when people discovered a new refining process with the aid of______.
A.wind power
B.solar energy
C.hydraulic power
D.electricity
Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large【22】He probably didn't know how much the car was going to【23】American culture. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today.
There are three main reasons the car【24】so popular in the United States. First of all, the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The car provides【25】comfortable and cheapest form. of all the means of transportation. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.
The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States has never really【26】an efficient and inexpensive form. of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air service【27】by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently.
The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is【28】really made cars popular. Americans don't like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don't like to have to【29】an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. And this is【30】that Americans want most to have.
(61)
A.the
B.an
C.a
D.not
The currencies of the world's major economies have names and backgrounds that are as diverse as the countries themselves.
The dollar is the name for the currency used in many countries including the United States , Canada, and Australia. It gets its name from a silver coin minted during the Middle Ages in a small valley, or "Thal" , in Bohemia called Joachimathal. Just a sausage Frankfurt called "Joachimsthaler" or simply " Thaler" , and came to be called " dollar" in English.
The pound, used in Britain, Egypt, and Lebanon among others, refers to the weight used in determining the value of coins, based on precious metals such as gold or sterling. The penny has the same origin as the word pawn,found in terms such as pawn shop , and originally meant "to pledge". A penny , like any currency , is a " pledge " of value.
In Italy and Turkey , the currency is called lira. The word is based on the Latin lira, meaning "pound" and once again referring to the weight of the original coins.
In Spanish , the word meaning " weight" , peso is used to describe the coins that were based on a certain weight of gold or silver. Originally,there were gold coins called peso de oro and silver ones called peso de plata. In Spain , the currency is called peseta, meaning "small peso". The word peso is used to describe the currency in many Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America.
In Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, the word for crown-krone in Denmark and Norway,krona in Sweden-is used to describe the currency that was originally minted by the king and queen,with royal crowns stamped on the earlier coins. Today,the crown has been replaced by other symbols , but the name remams.
The franc,used in France, Switzerland, and other countries and territories,is based on the early coins used in France, that bore the Latin inscription franconium rex , meaning "king of the Franks". The com, as well as the country, took its name from one of the original tribes that settled in the area, the Franks.
The German mark and Finnish markka derive their name from the small marks that were cut into coins to indicate their precious metal content. The German mark, deutsche mark in German ,is often called by its shortened name , D-mark.
The ancient Chinese word yuan meant "round", or "round thing". The name of the Japanese currency, the yen, and the name of the Chinese currency, the yuan , both derived from the old Chinese word,refer to the round shape of the original coins.
Problem may arise when using the plural forms of these currencies. Most take the English plural "s", for example , pounds , dollars , francs , Deutschmarks , etc. However , some are invariable: yuan, yen, baht, and rand. Others keep the plural form of the language spoken in the country of origin: lira-lire , krone-kroner, krona-kronor , markka-markkaa , etc.
Currencies are said to be convertible or invertible. Semi-convertible currencies can only be bought or sold through a country's central bank for documented commercial transactions. The exchange rates are fixed. Semi-convertible currencies are typical of third world countries.
A hard currency is one which is strong and unlikely to fall in value. A soft currency is one from a country with a week balance of payments and for which there is little demand.
Questions for reading :
A.born
B.native
C.grown
D.planted
The question is no mere academic one. The ease, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to winking at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep end wakefulness, sleeping during the day end working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p. m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner bas he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.
The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence of disturbed sleep and other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these phenomena among those on permanent night work.
This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the strains of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of' knowing when a person has adapted is by measuring his body temperature. People engaged in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only gradually go back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly in terms of performance. There from, by taking body temperature at intervals of two hours throughout the period of wakefulness it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection. So far, however, such a form. of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice.
Why is the question of "how easily people can get used to working at night?" not a mere academic question?
A.Because few people like to reverse the cycle of sleep aud wakefulness.
B.Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.
C.Because people are required to work at night in some fields of industry.
D.Because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits.
1. Retailers used mobile devices and drove nearly a third of traffic, or even more than half to online shopping. As we know that doesn't belong to the mobile device.()
A. tablets
B. smartphones
C. personal computer
2. PlayStation 4 and Xbox One consoles were sold out on the afternoon Monday although they weren't even discounted.()
A. eB
B. W
C. A
3. According to sales on Amazon were up 44.3% over last year, while sales at eBay were up 32.1%.()
A. Walmart
B. Rue La La
C. Channel Advisor
4. Cyber Monday deals on Sunday with a “Cyberthon” that drew more than people to the site. ()
A. 350,000
B. 35,000
C. 3,500,000
5. We can infer from the passage _____ isn't an online retailer. ()
A. Sears
B. Channel Advisor
C. Walmart