当经济不景气时,中央银行运用货币政策工具进行调节时可采取的措施有
A.降低利率,增加货币供应
B.大量买进债券,放出货币
C.提高法定存款准备金率,扩大货币供应
D.降低再贴现率,紧缩贷款
A.降低利率,增加货币供应
B.大量买进债券,放出货币
C.提高法定存款准备金率,扩大货币供应
D.降低再贴现率,紧缩贷款
A.提高利率,减少货币供应
B.提高再贴现率,紧缩贷款
C.大量买进债券,放出货币
D.降低法定存款准备金率,扩大货币供应
A.在公开市场上卖出政府债券
B.降低再贴现率
C.降低法定存款准备金率
D.降低购买有价证券必须支付的现金比率
当中央银行不改变货币政策时,政府希望不改变产出水平,又能降低通货膨胀2%时的最佳财政政策是什么?损失函数的值是什么? c.如果中央银行愿意合作,最佳政策组合是什么?损失函数的值多大? In some countries,the central bank is independent from the government.Consider a situationin which the government wants to reduce inflation without changing output,but the central bank would not change monetary policy. a.Can the government achieve its objectives by using only fiscal policy?Why? b.Assume that the effect of instruments on targets in this economy are represented by the following model(in deviations from the baseline):
and the loss function is
What is the optimal fiscal policy that the government should pursue when its objectives are to reduce inflation by two points without changing the level of output,if the central bank does not change monetary policy?What is the value of the loss function? c.Assume nOW that the central bank decides to cooperate.What is the optimal policy mix?What is the value of the loss function?
A.利率渠道是指当中央银行采取紧缩性货币政策时,货币供应量的增加会降低利率,借贷成本下降,进而会促使企业增加投资支出和消费者增加对耐用品的消费支出
B.信贷渠道是指货币政策工具通过调控货币供给量的增加和减少,影响到银行规模和结构的变化,从而对实际经济产生影响
C.资产价格渠道是指货币政策的变化引起资产价格的变化,进而对微观经济主体的投资和消费产生影响
D.汇率渠道也称国际贸易渠道,是指货币政策的变动通过货币供给量影响汇率,进而对净出口产生影响的过程
E.货币政策的资产价格渠道是指基于托宾q理论的“托宾效应”
A.生产和生活
B.存款和储蓄
C.心理预期
D.投资和消费