Egyptian wine has an extensive history within the history of Egyptian civilization. Grapes
A.born
B.native
C.grown
D.planted
A.born
B.native
C.grown
D.planted
This has led researchers to an inescapable conclusion. As healthful as components of red wine may be, the primary benefit must come from ethanol itself. In short, it's the alcohol, stupid. But don't go overboard. Protection comes only with light to moderate intake—two drinks a day for men or a miserly one a day for women.
The major benefit of alcohol seems to come from its ability to boost levels of HDL, the good cholesterol that helps keep arteries clear of plaque. Ethanol does that by signaling the liver to make more of a substance called Apo Al, the major protein in HDL. The effects can be striking. "Depending on the individual, you can get increases of 10 to 30 percent in HDL in a week," says Harvard epidemiologist Eric Rimm. Alcohol also makes blood less sticky and less likely to form. clots that cause heart attacks and strokes. It also appears to have mild anti-inflammatory effects. And it enhances insulin sensitivity—which may explain why moderate alcohol consumption correlates with a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes.
But alcohol is a dietary Jekyll and Hyde. Heavy intake can raise blood pressure, increase irregular heartbeat, and lead to heart failure. The most sobering news concerns cancer. A recent analysis of 156 studies found that as alcohol intake increases, so do risks of tumors in the mouth, and liver. Even moderate drinking can boost breast-cancer risk a small amount.
Is moderate drinking worth the risks? For some people—pregnant women, people with liver disease or a history of alcoholism—the answer is no. But for most of us, the benefits will probably outweigh the hazards. Whether you sip wine, beer or spirits, your heart may thank you.
According to Dr. Walter Willett, for good health, people could drink
A.only red-wine.
B.beer.
C.some whisky.
D.any alcohol.
Management came into its own______.
A.in the Egyptian and Mesopotamian import and export firms
B.in Hannibal's famous trip across the Alps
C.in the development of early Christian Church
D.in the eighteenth century
A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drank within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American man image and judges were tolerant in most courts, but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18.After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18 to 20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped is back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop "responsible attitudes" about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.
Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and, in many areas already, to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A tavern in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was "obviously intoxicated" and later drove off the road, killing a nine-year-old boy.
As the fatalities continue to daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years of national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, what President Hoover called the "noble experiment". They forget that legal prohibition didn't stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.
Drunken driving has become a major problem in America because ______.
A.most Americans are heavy drinkers
B.Americans are now less shocked by road accident
C.accident attract too much publicity
D.drinking is a socially accepted habit in America
According to the text, the “Pek Wine Steward” is ______.
A.a metal cone
B.a thermoelectric cooler
C.a gas injector
D.a wine preserver
Mr. Luzaich created the seal to prevent the wine from declining with ______.
A.neoprene
B.visco-elastic polymer
C.silicon
D.argon
Dr. Ana Navas-Aeien and colleagues at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore found a " relatively strong " association between commonly found levels of arsenic in urine and type 2 diabetes in a study of American adults. " It seems there is maybe no safe level of arsenic. " Navas-Acien said in a telephone interview. " Worldwide it's a huge problem, " she said. " As water becomes a scarce resource. the situation becomes even more serious. "
Arsenic raises the risk for cancers of the bladder, lung, kidney, skin and, possibly, the pros tate, Navas-Acien said. The 20 percent of nearly 800 study participants who had the most arsenic in their bodies, a tolerable 16. 5 micrograms per liter of urine, had 3. 6 times the risk of developing late-onset diabetes than those in the bottom 20 percent, who had 3 micrograms per liter. Levels of arsenic were 26 percent higher in people with late-onset, or type 2, diabetes than those without the disease, the study found.
The U. S. government sets a limit for drinking water at 10 micrograms of arsenic per liter, which is exceeded in the water consumed by 13 million Americans who mostly live in rural areas that rely on wells to bring up ground water, the researchers wrote in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Arsenic contaminates drinking water for millions of people in Bangladesh, parts of Central Europe, Chile, Argentina and the western United States, where ground water is the source of drinking water and the land has higher concentrations of arsenic.
Overall, 7. 8 percent of Americans are believed to have diabetes, although some do not know it. At least 90 percent of cases are the type 2 variety, in which the body loses its ability to use insulin properly. Navas-Acien said arsenic may play a significant role in diabetes incidence, but it is difficult to say how much. Arsenic can accumulate in the body, and can ruin the body's ability to use insulin and perform. the vital task of converting blood sugar into energy. Normally, insulin fits into cells via molecular doorways called receptors, which in turn signal the cell to move glucose inside, but arsenic enters the cell and somehow blocks the activity. Seafood is another source of arsenic, but the organic form. found in shellfish and some fish has a carbon molecule attached and poses no risk to health, she said.
According to the passage, arsenic contains______.
A.smell
B.taste
C.poison
D.color
Fruit
Imagine a world without fruit. We wouldn’t be very healthy. We get a lot of important vitamins from eating fruit.
We think of fruit primarily as something to eat. (1) Fruit is part of a flowering plant and it carries the seeds. The purpose of fruit is to protect a plant's seeds and help them get spread about. Wind and water spread seeds. So do animals when they eat fruit and drop the seeds. (2) There are two main types of fruit fleshy and dry. Fleshy fruits are soft and juicy. Pears, bananas and apples are all fleshy fruits. (3) Grains like wheat and rice, or nuts like chestnuts(板栗) ,are dry fruits.
But wait You’ve eaten oranges and grapes without seeds. How can they be fruits? It's because people have changed the way they grow fruit. They can now grow seedless fruit. Seedless fruit comes from special plants that are made by combining two varieties of a fruit to form. a new variety. These special plants grow and produce seeds. (4) These plants cannot reproduce themselves. They can make fruit, but the fruit has no seeds.
Fruits are a source of substances that keep us alive and healthy. So people make use of fruits for many foods. We make juices from them. We make jams and sweets.(5) Beer comes from grains and wine comes from grapes, and some particular wines are made from apples, peaches, or other fruits.
A. Dry fruits are thin and hard.
B. We even make alcohol from fruit.
C. But fruit has a purpose quite apart from our needs.
D. So these plants produce fleshy fruits.
E. Then the seeds grow into new plants.
F. But the plants grown from these seeds are seedless.
Such public occasion was once unthinkable in the rigid conformist kingdom, but now young people there and in other Gulf states are increasingly willing to challenge authority. That does not make them rebels, respect for elders, for religious duty and for maintaining family bonds remain pre-eminent values, and premarital sex is generally out of the question. Yet demography is beginning to put pressure on ultra-conservative norms.
After all, 60% of the Gulf's native population is under the age of 25. With many more of its citizens in school than in the workforce, the region faces at least a generation of rocketing demand for employment. In every single GCC country the native workforce will double by 2020. In Saudi Arabia it will grow from 3.3m now to over 8m. The task of managing this surge would be daunting enough for any society, but is particularly forbidding in this region, for several reasons.
The first is that the Gulf suffers from a lopsided labor structure. This goes back to the 1970s, when ballooning oil incomes allowed governments to import millions of foreign workers and to dispense cozy jobs to the locals. The result is a two-tier workforce, with outsiders working mostly in the private sector and natives monopolizing the state bureaucracy. Private firms are as productive as any. But within the government, claims one study, workers are worth only a quarter of what they get paid.
Similarly, in the education sector, 30 years spent keeping pace with soaring student numbers has taken a heavy toll on standards. The Saudi school system, for instance, today has to cope with 5m students, eight times more than in 1970. And many Gulf countries adapted their curricula from Egyptian models that are now thoroughly discredited. They continue to favor rote learning of "facts" intended to instill patriotism or religious values.
Even worse, the system as a whole discourages intellectual curiosity. It channels students into acquiring prestige degrees rather than gaining marketable skills. Of the 120,000 graduates that Saudi universities produced between 1995 and 1999, only 10,000 had studied technical subjects such as architecture or engineering. They accounted for only 2% of the total number of Saudis entering the job market.
The wild behavior. depicted in the first paragraph is intended to
A.to advocate traditional values in Saudi.
B.to introduce the change of Saudi youths.
C.to criticize their nonconformist image.
D.to praise Saudi youth tactical retreat.
A.touched
B.contacted
C.linked
D.contacted with