一些国家的中央银行独立于政府，考虑一种情况。当政府希望不改变产量而减小通胀，而中央银行不愿改

变货币政策。 a．政府能否仅利用财政政策实现目标？为什么？ b．设工具影响的经济模型如下： △Q=△G+0．2△M

当中央银行不改变货币政策时，政府希望不改变产出水平，又能降低通货膨胀2％时的最佳财政政策是什么？损失函数的值是什么？ c．如果中央银行愿意合作，最佳政策组合是什么？损失函数的值多大？ In some countries，the central bank is independent from the government．Consider a situationin which the government wants to reduce inflation without changing output，but the central bank would not change monetary policy． a．Can the government achieve its objectives by using only fiscal policy？Why？ b．Assume that the effect of instruments on targets in this economy are represented by the following model(in deviations from the baseline)：

and the loss function is

What is the optimal fiscal policy that the government should pursue when its objectives are to reduce inflation by two points without changing the level of output，if the central bank does not change monetary policy？What is the value of the loss function？ c．Assume nOW that the central bank decides to cooperate．What is the optimal policy mix？What is the value of the loss function？