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When you phone to tell your friend something, you are the source of information.()
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听力原文：M: I haven't read that newspaper yet. When you've finished, may I see it？
W: I'll give it to you right now. I have to check our dinner anyway.
Q: z What is the woman doing besides reading the newspaper？
(18)
A．Eating dinner.
B．Writing a check.
C．Cooking.
D．Making a phone call.
First, let's talk about culture. The difference between the mobile phone and its parent, the fixed-line phone, you get whoever answers it.
This has several implications. The most common one, however, and perhaps the thing that has changed our culture forever, is the "meeting" influence. People no longer need to make firm plans about when and where to meet. Twenty years ago, a Friday night would need to be arranged in advance. You needed enough time to allow everyone to get from their place of work to the first meeting place. Now, however, a night out can be arranged on the run. It is no longer "see you there at 8", but "text-me around 8 and we'll see where we all are".
Texting changes people as well. In their paper, "Insights into the Social and Psychological Effects of SMS Text Messaging", two British researchers distinguished between two types of mobile phone users: the "talkers" and the "texters"--those who prefer voice to text message and those who prefer text to voice.
They found that the mobile phone's individuality and privacy gave texters the ability to express a whole new outer personality. Texters were likely to report that their family would be surprised if they were to read their texts. This suggests that texting allowed texters to present a self-image that differed from the one familiar to those who knew them well.
Another scientist wrote of the changes that mobiles have brought to body language. There are two kinds that people use while speaking on the phone. There is the "speakeasy": the head is held high, in a self-confident way, chatting away. And there is the "spacemaker': these people focus on themselves and keep out other people.
Who can blame them？ Phone meetings get cancelled or reformed and camera-phones intrude on people's privacy. So, it is understandable if your mobile makes you nervous. But perhaps you needn't worry so much. After all, it is good to talk.
When people plan to meet nowadays, they ______.
A．arrange the meeting place beforehand
B．postpone fixing the place till last minute
C．seldom care about when and where to meet
D．still love to work out detailed meeting plans
There is much debate about the capacity and duration of the short term memory. The most accepted theory comes from George A. Miller, a cognitive psychologist who suggested that humans can remember approximately seven chunks of information. A chunk is defined as a meaningful unit of information, such as a word or name rather than just a letter or number. Modern theorists suggest that one can increase the capacity of the short term memory by chunking, or classifying similar information together. By organizing information, one can optimize the STM, and improve the chances of a memory being passed on to long term storage.
When making a conscious effort to memorize something, such as information for an exam, many people engage in "rote rehearsal". By repeating something over and over again, we are able to keep a memory alive. Unfortunately, this type of memory maintenance only succeeds if there are no interruptions. As soon as a person stops rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to disappear. When a pen and paper are not handy, you might attempt to remember a phone number by repeating it aloud. If the doorbell rings or the dog barks to come in before you get the opportunity to make your phone call, you will forget the number instantly. Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient way to pass information from the short term to long term memory. A better way is to practice "elaborate rehearsal". This involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing long term memories.
Encoding information semantically also makes it more retrievable. Retrieving information can be done by recognition or recall. Humans can recall memories that are stored in the long term memory and used often. However, if a memory seems to be forgotten, it may eventually be retrieved by prompting. The more cues a person is given (such as pictures. , the more likely a memory can be retrieved. This is why multiple choice tests are often used for subjects that require a lot of memorization.
According to the passage, how do memories get transferred to the STM？ ______
A．They revert from the long term memory.
B．They are filtered from the sensory storage area.
C．They get chunked when they enter the brain.
D．They enter via the nervous system.
请选择合适的词将句子补充完整，记得变换形式。
be late for / on time / wake up / have difficulty with / get out of / turn off / insist on / talk with
1.Mike _______his colleagues when the phone rang.
2.I called Ruby back as soon as I _______ bed.
3.Do you mind if I _______ the light？
4.Thanks to our hard work, we can fulfil the task _______.
5.Most tour companies _______ advance payment when a booking is made.
6.We'll _______ the meeting if we stay any longer.
7.She _______to find himself alone in the house.
8.He _______human relations.
If on the other hand, you've got a spare in the car, five minutes' work should see you on your way again. The majority of breakdowns do involve minor and easily changed parts. A few basic tools and the right mix of spares are well worth the space they take up. But to sort out which ones are mast likely to be needed, and to buy them, can be expensive.
That is why the motoring organizations have come up with rental kits. For about 50 pence a day (slightly more to non-members)they will supply a boxed range of spares for a given car. On returning the kit the motorist pays for any that are used, plus a small fee for repacking. Deposits are about ￡ 20.
It is much better, however, to reduce the risk of breakdowns by seeing that your car is properly serviced before setting out. Particularly when driving at high speed over long distances in hot weather.
Finally, it makes sense to purchase a safety triangle and an emergency plastic windscreen before leaving. Make sure all your fellow travellers know where your documents are; give one a spare set of keys, and slip into the back of your wallet a large banknote for the emergencies where a credit card won't do.
While on a motoring holiday abroad you might find yourself in difficulties because ______. ()
A．you have brought the wrong documents with you
B．your ferry has just left without you
C．the nearest phone is out of order
D．a repair to your car might take some time
"When you call parents, you want them to 'extract the cruelty' from their bullying children, "says Laura Kavesh, a child psychologist in Evanston, Illinois. "But many parents are blown away by the idea of their child being cruel. They won't believe it." In a recent police-department survey in Oak Harbor,Washington, 89 percent of local high school students said they had engaged in bullying behavior. Yet only 18 percent of parents thought their children would act as bullies.
In a new US PTA survey, 5 percent of parents support contacting other parents to deal with bullying. But many educators warn that those conversations can be misinterpreted(误解), causing tempers to flare. Instead, they say, parents should get objective outsiders, like principals, to mediate.
Meanwhile, if you get a call from a parent who is angry about your child's bullying, listen without getting defensive. That's what Laura McHugh of Castro Valley, California, did when a caller told her that her then 13-year-old son had spit in another boy's food. Her son had confessed, but the victim's mom "wanted to make sure my son hadn't given her son a nasty disease," says McHugh, who apologized and promised to get her son tested for AIDS and other diseases. She knew the chance of contracting any disease this way was remote, but her promise calmed the mother and showed McHugh's son that his bad behavior. was being taken seriously. McHugh, founder of Parents Coach Kids, a group that teaches parenting skills, sent the mom the test results. All were negative.
Remember: once you make a call, you might not like what you hear. If you have an itchy dialing finger, resist temptation. Put it m your pocket.
The word "bullying" (Line 2, Para. 1) probably means ______.
A．frightening and hurting
B．teasing
C．behaving like a tyrant
D．laughing at
Dining Room: Breakfast is served in the dining room from 8 to 9:30 a.m. Also the room staff (服务员) may bring breakfast to your room at any time after 7 a.m. If this happens, please fill out a card and hang it outside your door when you go to bed. Lunch is from 12 to 2:30 p. m. Dinner is from 7:30 to 9 p. m.
Room service: This operates 24 hours a day; phone the Reception desk, and your message will be passed on to the room staff.
Telephones: To make a phone call, dial(拨) 0 for Reception and ask to be connected. We apologize for delays if the lines are very busy. There are also public telephones near the Reception desk. Tell Reception if early calls are needed.
Shop: The hotel shop is open for presents, gifts and goods from 9 a.m. to 5:30 p. m.
Laundry: We have a laundry in the building, and will wash, iron and return your clothes within 24 hours. Ask the room staff to collect them.
Bar(酒吧):The hotel bar is open from 12 to 2 p.m. and 7 p.m. to 1 a.m.
Banking: The Reception staff will cash cheques (兑现支票)and exchange any foreign money for you.
You would see this notice ______.
A．in a hotel bar
B．in a hotel (lining room
C．in a bedroom of a large international hotel
D．at the entrance of a small family hotel
A．Almost-free internet phone calls herald the slow death of traditional telephony.
B．Another data service was delivered entirely over the internet.
C．The traditional telephone business have yet to turn a profit.
D．The dramatic shift in the te[ecoms industry has received little attention.
Philip: Hello! Is that you, Tom？
Tom: Yes, (56)
Philip: I can't believe I (57) you at last. And what have you been doing？
Tom: Yeah, I haven't been home a lot lately. And I've had a lot of work and social engagements. Oh,
Philip, (58) to London？
Philip: I just came back about a week ago, I (59) by phone several times, but you were not in.
Tom: Sorry, Sorry. Did you have a nice holiday, then？
Philip: Lovely. I went to Scotland and traveled around.
Tom: (60) ! I need a holiday indeed.
Philip: Well, I suppose so.
Tom: Oh , somebody's at the door. I have to go. And I have to say " good-bye'. Nice talking to you.
Philip: Same here, bye-bye.
56.
A. when did you get back
B. What a surprise I got
C. How I admire you
D. I am Tom
E. got hold of
F. got through
G. this is Tom
H. tried to contact you
A trillion phone calls later, the conversation is the same. When children are teased or tyrannized, the parental impulse is to grab the phone and rant. But these days, as studies in the U.S.show bullying on the rise and parental supervision on the decline, researchers who study bullying say that calling moms and dads is more futile than ever. Such calls often lead to playground recriminations and don’t really teach our kids any lessons about how to navigate the world and resolve conflicts.
When you call parents, you want them to “extract the cruelty” from their bullying children, says Laura Kavesh, a child psychologist in Evanston, Illinois. “But many parents are blown away by the idea of their child being cruel. They won’t believe it.” In a recent police-department survey in Oak Harbor, Washington, 89% of local high school students said they had engaged in bullying behavior. Yet only 18% of parents thought their children would act as bullies.
In a new U.S.PTA survey, 5% of parents support contacting other parents to deal with bullying. But many educators warn that those conversations can be misinterpreted, causing tempers to flare. Instead, they say, parents should get objective outsiders, like principals, to mediate.
Meanwhile, if you get a call from a parent who is angry about your child’s bullying, listen without getting defensive. That’s what Laura McHugh of Castro Valley, California, did when a caller told her that her then 13-year-old son had spit in another boy’s food. Her son had confessed, but the victim’s mom “wanted to make sure my son hadn’t given her son a nasty disease,” says McHugh, who apologized and promised to get her son tested for AIDS and other diseases. She knew the chance of contracting any disease this way was remote, but her promise calmed the mother and showed McHugh’s son that his bad behaviour was being taken seriously. McHugh, founder of Parents Coach Kids, a group that teaches parenting skills, sent the mom the test results. All were negative.
Remember: once you make a call, you might not like what you hear. If you have an itchy dialing finger, resist temptation. Put it in your pocket.
第11题：The word “bullying” probably means _____.
［A］ frightening and hurting ［B］ teasing ［C］ behaving like a tyrant ［D］ laughing at
