题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A)现在很多行业都习惯用计算机了，这样，残障人士到外地去旅行、去银行和购物都方便得多了。
B)现在很多行业都使用计算机了，这样，残障人士到外地去旅行、去银行和购物都方便得多了。
C)计算机目前有很多功能，诸如可帮助残障人士，可应用于星际旅行、银行业和购物。
D)计算机目前有多种使用方法，比如，帮助残障人士到外地去旅行、去银行和购物。
E)计算机目前被应用到很多方面，诸如可帮助残障人士，可应用于星际旅行、银行业和购物。
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更多“Computers are now used in many…”相关的问题
(78)Obviously, there would be no point in investing(投入) in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.
What is the main purpose of this passage？
A．To look back to the early days of computers.
B．To explain what technical problems may occur with computers.
C．To discourage unnecessary investment in computers.
D．To warn against the blindness to the probable shortcomings of computers.
While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customer for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.
Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to ______.
A．withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes
B．obtain more convenient services than order people do
C．enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper
D．cash money where he wishes to
In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they're nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.
A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field.
Imitating the brain's neural network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. "People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors", he explains, "but it's not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves. " Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brain's capabilities stem from the pattern recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills.
Right now, the option that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.
The author says that the powerful computers of today ______.
A．are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object
B．are close to exhibiting humanlike behavior
C．are not very different in their performance from those of the 50's
D．still cannot communicate with people in a human language
But weight is not the only factor. The smaller the computer the faster it can work. The signals go to and fro at a very high but almost constant speed. So if one can scale down all dimensions to, let us say, one tenth, the average lengths of the current-paths will be reduced to one tenth. So, very roughly speaking, scaling down of all linear dimensions in the ratio of one to ten also gives a valuable bonus: the speed of operation is scaled up 10 times. Other techniques allow even further speed increases.
This increase of operation is a real advantage. There are some applications in which computers could be used which require very fast response times. Many of these are military, of course; but military applications also have applications in engineering sooner or later. For example, automatic blind landing of aircraft requires continuous computer calculations which result in control of the aircraft flight. The more immediate the responses are, the more stable that control can be.
Another advantage is that less power is required to run the computer. In space vehicles and satellites this is an important matter; but even in a trial application we need not waste power. Sometimes a computer takes so much power that cooling systems which require still more power have to be installed to keep the computer from getting too hot, which would increase the risk of faults developing. So a computer which does not need to be cooled saves power on two counts.
Another advantage is reliability. Mini-computers have been made possible by the development of integrated circuits. Instead of soldering bits of wire to join separate components such as resistors and capacitors sometimes in the most intricate networks, designers can now produce many connected circuits in one unit which involves no soldering and therefore no risk of broken joints at all.
Which of the following is NOT one of the advantages of mini-computers？
A．The increase of operation speed.
B．The decrease of power needed.
C．The development integrated circuits.
D．Their reliability.
Although he is so wealthy, Bill Gates does not want to give up. He is still very interested in his vision and he travels the globe, making quick stops in cities to sell the new software products of his company.
The central vision of Bill Gates is the “information highway”. This is a network for computers that will link every home, office and shop in the future. This computer network system will have an effect on business, shopping and education. Bill Gates says that the main use of this new technology will be in communication. It will be a way to find people with common interests and to share opinions with them.
But is this communication by computer along the “information highway” really a good thing？ Won’t we be sitting at home, only “socializing” with our computer, paying big companies money so that we can receive information that some large communication corporation somewhere had decided is “acceptable” for us to read？ No, says Bill Gates, he thinks that the phrase “information highway” is a terrible phrase. It makes people think that we are all going down the same road, he says. In fact, the computer network will let us choose our own intellectual direction. It will give us freedom. It will also bring good to society, because it will allow for the spread of education. When more and more people receive education, the gap between the rich and the poor will narrow.
In the meantime, however, the gap between the rich and the poor is still there. To be added to this now is the gap between those with computers and those without.
1.Ever since he was a college student, Bill Gates has __________.
A. become very interested in the computer
B. set up a goal to popularize the computer
C. discovered great potentials in computer business
D. dreamed of having a giant computer company
2.Bill Gates’ success depends on the following except ___________.
A. his vision and his travel over the globe
B. his technical skills and business marketing skills
C. his deep personal interest in developing computer science
D. his strong desire to make big money
3.The word “vision” (line 2, parA.2) probably means________.
A. sight
B. idea
C. effort
D. daydream
4.The “information highway” will mainly be used _______.
A. in human communication
B. to help link every home, office and shop
C. in business, shopping and education
D. to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor
5.The best title for this passage is probably _________.
A. Bill Gates, his Vision and Mission
B. Computer and Information
C. Advantages of the Computer Network
D. One of the World’s Computer Giants
Apple computers() from IBM' s first x86 machines as much back then as they do now.
A.difference
B.differed
C.differing
D.differs
The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit-card (信用卡) fraud. Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal Web site (网站).
Web sites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care. On-line shoppers who enter their credit-card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought. The thieves then go shopping with your card number or sell the information over the Internet.
Computers hackers (黑客) have broken down security (安全) systems , raising questions about the safety of cardholder information.
Several months ago, 25, 000 customers of CD Universe, an on-line music retailer (批发商) , were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a Web site after the retailer refused to pay US $ 157, 828 to get back the information.
Credit-card firms are now fighting against on-line fraud. Mastercard is working on plans for web—only credit-card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping on-line. However, there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated.
Ask about your credit-card firm's on-line rules; Under British law, cardholders are responsible (对……负有责任的)for the first US $ 78 of any fraudulent spending.
And shop only at secure sites: Send your credit-card information only if the web site offers advanced secure system.
If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen. The Web site address may also start with https://—the extra"s" stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit-card information over the telephone.
Keep your password safe. Most on-line sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your passwords with care.
What do most people worry about the Internet according to this passage？
A．A lot of stolen credit-cards were sold on the Internet.
B．Fraud on the Internet.
C．Many Web sites are destroyed.
D．Many illegal Web sites are on the Internet.
Mostly, this explosive growth has occurred democratically. The online penetration and computer ownership increases extend across all the demographic levels-by race, geography, income, and education.
We view these trends as favorable without the slightest question because we clearly see computer technology as empowering. In fact, personal growth and a prosperous U.S. economy are considered to be the long-range rewards of individual and collective technological power.
Now for the not-so-good news. The government's analysis spells out so-called digital divide. That is, the digital explosion is not booming at the same pace for everyone. Yes, it is true that we are all plugged in to a much greater degree than any of us have been in the past. But some of us are more plugged in than others and are getting plugged in far more rapidly. And this gap is widening even as the pace of the information age accelerates through society.
Computer ownership and Internet access are highly classified along lines of wealth, race, education, and geography. The data indicates that computer ownership and online access are growing more rapidly among the most prosperous and well educated: essentially, wealthy white people with high school and college diplomas and who are part of stable, two-parent households.
The highest income bracket households, those earning more than $75,000 annually, are 20 times as likely to have access to the Internet as households at the lowest income levels, under $10, 000 annually. The computer penetration rate at the high-income level is an amazing 76.56 percent, compared with 8 percent at the bottom end of the scale.
Technology access differs widely by educational level. College graduates are 16 times as likely to be Internet surfers at home as are those with only elementary-school education. If you look at the differences between these groups in rural areas, the gap widens to a twenty-six-fold advantage for the college-educated.
From the time of the last study, the information access gap grew by 29 percent between the highest and lowest income groups, and by 25 percent between the highest and lowest education levels.
In the long run, participation in the information age may not be a zero sum game, where if some groups win, others must lose. Eventually, as the technology matures we are likely to see penetration levels approach all groups equally. This was true for telephone access and television ownership, but eventually can be cold comfort in an era when tomorrow is rapidly different from today and unrecognizable compared with yesterday.
How many U. S. households have linked to Internet today？
A．More than 25 percent.
B．By 29 percent.
C．More than 42 percent.
D．More than 50 percent.
The Transformation consists of all the changes that are occurring m human life due to advancing technology. For thousands of years such progress occurred slowly. Now, everything is changing so fast that you may find yourself wondering where all this progress is really leading.
Nobody knows what all these changes really will mean in the long run. But this mysterious Transformation is the biggest story of all time. It is the story of the human race itself.
Some people worry about what will happen when the deposits of petroleum are gone, but already researchers are finding all kinds of new ways to obtain energy. Someday, solar power collected by satellites circling the earth of fission power manufactured by mankind may give us all the energy we need for an expanding civilization. Space exploration promises to open up many new territories for human settlement, as well as leading to the harvest of mineral resources like the asteroids.
Scientific research continues to open up previously undreamed-of possibilities. Fifty years ago, few people could even imagine things like computers, lasers, and holography. Today, a host of newly emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and genetic engineering are opening up all kinds of new paths for technologists.
Like it or not, our advancing technology has made us masters of the earth. We not only dominate all the other animals, but we are reshaping the world's plant life and even its soil and rocks, its waters and surrounding air. Mountains are being dug up to provide minerals and stone for buildings. The very ground under our feet is washing away as we chop down the forests, plow up the fields, and excavate foundations for our buildings.
Human junk is cluttering up not only the land but even the bottom of the sea. And so many chemicals are being released into the air by human activities that scientists worry that the entire globe may warm, causing the polar icecaps to melt and ocean waters to flood vast areas of the land.
During the twentieth century, advancing technology has enabled man to reach thousands of feet into the ocean depths and to climb the highest mountains. Mount Everest, the highest mountain of all, resisted all climbers until the 1950's. Now man is reaching beyond Earth to the moon, Mars, and the stars.
No one knows what the Great Transformation means or where it will ultimately lead. But one thing is sure: Human life 50 years from now will be very different from what it is today.
It's also worth noting that our wondrous technology is posing an increasingly insistent question: When we can do so many things, how can we possibly decide what we really should do？ When humans were relatively powerless, they didn't have to make the choices they have to make today.
Technology gives us the power to build a magnificent new civilization—if we can just agree on what we want it to be. But today, there is little global agreement on goals and how we should achieve them.
So it remains to be seen what will happen as a result of our technology. Pessimists worry that we will use the technology eventually to blow ourselves up. But they have been saying that for decades, and so far we have escaped. Whether we will continue to do so remains unknown—but we can continue to hope.
The Great Transformation is caused by______.
A．artificial intelligence and genetic engineering
B．the shortage of natural resources
C．the development of practical science
D．unknown reasons
“Sir, we could have solved the problem in a much simpler and cheaper way, ” a worker sa id.
“Really？ How？”
“We can put a huge fan near the packing machine. The wind coming from the fan will blow away the empty boxes, leaving the other boxes with soap. ”
See, this is smart work. In order to succeed, we should not only work hard like the engineer, but also think smart like this worker.
1. Some students spend less time on school work but do better in exams because they study longer.
A: F
B: T
2.The passage mainly tells us we should work hard like the engineer and think smart like theworker.
A: T
B: F
3.The soap factory could only put a huge fan near the packing machine to solve problem in amuch simpler and cheaper way.
A: F
B: T
4.The underlined phrase “blow away”means “停止” in Chinese.
A: T
B: F
5.Someone wrote to the soap factory and complained that the soapbox he bought was terrible.
A: F
B: T
Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.
Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with many traditional cultural heritage. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, people’s aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.
One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the “information-revolution”, a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.
第36题：Which of the following does not belong to material culture？
［A］ Instruments.
［B］ Music.
［C］ Paintings.
［D］ Sheet music.
