题目内容
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By saying "His idea was a success" , the author means______.
A．the school master made a lot of money and got rich
B．the school master became very famous among young students
C．more and more young people went to the hostel for summer holidays
D．more and more young students came to study at his school
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Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his previous books, Mr. Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between power and leadership, in both the political and business spheres. Machiavelli, he notes, concluded that "one ought to be both feared and loved, but as it is difficult for the two to go together, it is much safer to be feared than loved." In short, hard power is preferable to soft power. But modern leadership theorists have come to the opposite conclusion.
The context of leadership is changing, they observe, and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated. In modern companies and democracies, power is increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies (等级制) are being undermined, making soft power ever more important. But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion, Mr. Nye argues. Instead, he advocates a synthesis of these two views. The conclusion of The Powers to Lead, his survey of the theory of leadership, is that a combination of hard and soft power, which he calls "smart power”, is the best approach.
The dominant theoretical model of leadership at the moment is, apparently, the “transformational leadership pattern”. Anyone allergic (反感) to management term will already be running for the exit, but Mr. Nye has performed a valuable service in rounding up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadership into a single, slim volume. He examines different approaches to leadership, the morality of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effectiveness of a particular leader. There are plenty of anecdotes and examples, both historical and contemporary, political and corporate.
Alas, leadership is a slippery subject, and as he depicts various theories, even Mr. Nye never quite nails the jelly to the wall. He is at his most interesting when discussing the moral aspects of leadership—in particular, the question of whether it is sometimes necessary for good leaders to lie—and he provides a helpful 12-point summary of his conclusions. A recurring theme is that as circumstances change, different sorts of leaders are required; a leader who thrives in one environment may struggle in another, and vice versa. Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadership offers no easy answers.
From the first two paragraphs we may learn that Mr. Machiavelli's idea of hard power is ______.
A．well accepted by Joseph Nye
B．very influential till nowadays
C．based on sound theories
D．contrary to that of modern leadership theorists
"We had to be careful and not overdo it," Edward admits. Now Caspar is at Oxford—which once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic. In fact, when he was applying to Oxford, none of his school teachers thought he had a chance. "So then we did several thinking sessions," his father says, "using my techniques and, when he went up for the exam, he did extremely well." Soon after, Edward de Bono decided to write his latest book, "Teach Your Child How to Think", in which he transforms the thinking skills he developed for brain-storming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and children to share.
Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence, and everybody knows that children aren't very logical. So isn't it an uphill battle, trying to teach them to think？ "You know," Edward de Bono says, "if you examine people's thinking, it is quite unusual to find faults of logic. But the faults of perception are huge! Often we think ineffectively because we take too limited a view."
"Teach Your Child How to Think" offers lessons in perception improvement, of clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternatives.
What is TRUE about Caspar？
A．He is Edward's son.
B．He is an adventurous thinker.
C．He first described lateral thinking.
D．He is often scolded by his teacher.
Some say it came from the Indian peoples. When Europeans first came to America they heard hundreds of different Indian languages. Many were will developed.
One tribe especially had a well developed language. This was the Chocktaw tribe. They were farmers and fishermen whole lived in the rich Mississippi valley in what is now the state of Alabama. When problems arose, Chocktaw leaders discussed them with the tribal chief. They sat in a circle and listened to the wisdom of the chief.
He heard the different proposals, often raising and lowering his head in agreement, and saying, "Okeh," meaning "it is so."
The Indian languages have given many words to English. Twenty four of the American States almost half, have Indian names, Okalahoma, the Dakotas, Idaho, Wisconsin, Ohio and Tennessee, to name a few. And the names of many rivers, streams, mountains, cities and towns are Indian.
However, there are many people who dispute the idea that "Okay" came from the In di ans. Some say the President Andrew Jackson first used the word "Okay." Others claim the word was invented by John Jacob Astor, a fur trader of the late 1700s who became one of the world's richest men. Still others say a poor railroad clerk made up this word. His name was Obadiah Kelly and he put his initials(首写字母), O.K. on each package people gave him to ship by train.
So it goes, each story sounds reasonable and official.
But perhaps the most believable explanation is that the word "Okay" was invented by a political organization in the 1800s. Martin Van Buren was running for President. A group of people organized a club to support him. They called their political organization the "Okay Club. The letters "O" and "K" were taken from the name of Van Buren's hometown, the place where he was born, old Kinderhook, New York.
There is one thing about "Okay" that the experts do agree on: that the word is pure American and that it has spread to almost every country on earth.
There is something about the word that appeals to peoples of every language. Yet, here in America it is used mostly in speech, not in serious writing. In recent time, "Okay" has been given an official place in the English language. But it will be a long time before Americans will officially accept two expressions that come from "Okay." There are "Oke" and "Okeydoke".
______different opinions as where the word "Okay" came from are mentioned in the text.
A．Four
B．Five
C．six
D．Three
The idea for the new project came to Jack ______ to his study recently.
A. while devoting
B. while devoting himself
C. while he was devoted
D. while devoted
A．he got better from the illness and was taken off the terminal list there.
B．he learned to be positive with the help of physicians and medication.
C．he was surrounded by the love of his friends, families and VIPs.
D．all through the hospice time he was full of smile and laughter.
In his Old Man and the Sea, Ernest Hemingway ______.
A. expresses the idea of facing defeat courageously
B. shows the basic goodness and wisdom of ordinary people
C. praises the ideas of equality and democracy and the joy of common people
D. describes the sharp contrast of wealth and poverty in Chicago and New York
to each other.
1 was walking in the park with a friend recently, and his mobile phone rang, interrupting our conversation. There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day and - poof! -1 was cut off as if I had become absent from the conversation.
The park was filled with people talking on their cell phones. They were passing people without looking at them, saying hello, noticing their babies or stopping to pat their dogs. It seems that the limitless electronic voice is preferred to human contact.
The telephone is used to connect you to the absent. Now it makes people feel absent.
Recently l was in a car with three friends. The driver hushed the rest of us because he could not hear the person on the other end of his cell phone. There we were, four friends driving down the highway, unable to talk to each other because of the small thing designed to make communication easier.
Why is it that the more connected we get, the more disconnected I feel？ Every advance in communication technology is a setback(退步) to the closeness of human interaction.
With e-mail and instant message over the Internet, we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another. With voice mail, you can make entire conversations without ever reaching anyone. If my mom has a question, Ijust leave the answer on her machine.
As almost every contact between human beings gets automatic, the emotional Distance index goes up. Pumping gas at the station？ Why say good-morning to the assistant when you can swipe you credit card at the pump and save yourself the bother of human contact？
Making a deposit at the bank？ Why talk to the clerk who lives in the neighborhood when you Ctin put your Ctird into the ATM l More and more, I find myself hiding behind e-mail to do a job meant for conversation orbeing relieved that voice mail picked up because I didn’t really have time to talk.
The technology devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier. I own a mobile phone, an ATM card, a voice-mail telephone, and an e-mail account.
Giving them up isn’t a choice. They are great for what they are intended to do. It’s their unintended results that make me upset. What good is all this gee-whiz technology if there isno one in the room to hear you crying out Gee whiz ？
26.The author’s experience of walking in a park with a friend recently made him feel ().
A.unhappy
B.funny
C.wonderful
27.According to the author, human contact in a park means ().
A.Iookmg at each other and saying hello when passing
B.noticing their babies and stopping to pat their dogs
C.both A and B
28.According to the author, the more connected we get in communication technology, the () we are.
A.more automatic
B.easier
C.more disconnected
29.What are the examples the author gives to explain his idea that every advance in communication technology is a setback to the closeness of human interaction？()
A.With e-mail and instant message over the Internet, we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another
B.With voice mail, you can make entire conversations without ever reaching anyone
C.Both A and B
30.What is the unintended result of communication technology, according to the author？()
A.It makes communication easier and conversation possible everywhere
B.It actually creates a distance between people instead of bringing them together
C.It makes every contact between human beings automatic and makes people Feel connected
What dreadful idea occurred to the writer？ ()
A．The receipt had been stolen by someone.
B．someone had taken away the case.
C．He could not claim his case without the receipt.
D．He had left his receipt at home.
The chairman ______ a few seconds till he found proper words to make his idea clearer.
A．broke away from
B．broke out of
C．broke off
D．broke with
If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work？ Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can' t find the way to get the right answer. Let' s end all this nonsense of grades, exams, and marks. Let us throw them all out, let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn and how to measure their own understanding, and how to know what they know or do not know. Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learned at school and used for the rest of one' s life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, "But suppose they fail to learn something essential, something they will need to get on in the world？" Don't worry! If it is essential, They will go out into the world and learn it.
What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things？
A．By copying what other people do.
B．By making mistakes and having them corrected.
C．By listening to explanations from skilled people.
D．By asking a great many questions.
