题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A.excitedly … exciting
B.excitedly … excited
C.excitingly … exciting
D.excitingly … excited
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Paras. 5-8
The first category consists of substantial payments made for political purposes or to secure major contracts. For example, one US corporation offered a large sum of money in support of a US presidential candidate at a time when the company was under investigation for possible violations of US business laws. This same company, it was revealed, was ready to finance secret US efforts to throw out the government of Chile.
In this category, we may also include large payments made to ruling families or their close advisers in order to secure arms sales or major petroleum or construction contracts. In a court case involving an arms deal with Iran, a witness claimed that ￡1 million had been paid by a British company to a "negotiator" who helped close a deal for the supply of tanks and other military equipment to that country. Other countries have also been known to put pressure on foreign companies to make donations to party bank accounts.
The second category covers payments made to obtain quicker official approval of some project, to speed up the wheels of government. An interesting example of this kind of payment is provided by the story of a sales manager who had been trying for some months to sell road machinery to the Minister of Works of a Caribbean country. Finally, he hit upon the answer. Discovering that the minister collected rare books, he bought a rare edition of a book, slipped $20,000 within its pages, then presented it to the minister. This man examined its contents, then said, "I understand there is a two-volume edition of this work." The sales manager, who was quick-witted, replied, "My company cannot afford a two- volume edition, sir, but we could offer you a copy with a preface!" A short time later, the deal was approved.
The third category involves payments made in countries where it is traditional to pay people to help with the passage of a business deal. Some Middle East countries would be included on this list, as well as certain Asian countries.
Three broad categories of bribery or questionable payments
The first category consists of substantial payments made for political purposes or to secure major contracts.
Example 1: A US company offered a large sum of money to support a US presidential candidate when it was being investigated for possibly breaking the laws.
Example 2: ____________
Example 3: ____________
Example 4: There are countries putting pressure on foreign companies to make donations to party bank accounts. (Paras. 5-6)
The second category covers ____________.
Example: A sales manager tries to sell road machinery to the Minister of Works of a Caribbean country. ____________
A short time later, the deal was approved. (Para. 7)
The third category involves ____________.
For example, some Middle East countries as well as certain Asian countries would pay such money. (Para. 8)
The Open Source Applications Foundation has a different idea: to promote free software and innovation by creating cool new applications on a bare-bones budget. The not-for-profit OSAF was initially funded with $5 million from former Lotus Development Corp. founder Mitch Kapor. For Kapor, this is a fascinating departure. Twenty years ago he introduced one of the first killer applications of the PC age, the Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet; it was unabashedly for-profit and was closed-source.
But Kapor always had his heart in the counterculture, and after leaving his company he co-founded the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a cyber-rights organization. Though he has seen success as an investor, he feels strongly about the open-source movement, which posits that in the age of complex software many people working for nothing can duplicate or even exceed the efforts of the rake-in-the-bucks gang. And because the source code is available to all, anyone can improve the product. The continued success of the Linux-powered operating system and Apache Web servers shows that open source is no wild dream, but a serious challenge to the establishment.
Sometime next year the OSAF will begin testing its first product, a personal-information manager that directly takes on Microsoft's Outlook. Named after the famous mystery novelist, Chandler will run on Mac, Windows and Linux, be loaded with clever features and allow users to share information with others on things like calendar entries. And, of course, it will be free. Kapor has signed up an all-star team, including Lou Montulli (Netscape Navigator browser) and programming legend Andy Hertzfeld. Also participating: thousands of volunteers who believe in the barn-raising spirit of the open-source movement.
Ultimately, Kapor hopes the project will be self-supporting, with money coming from corporate sponsorships, foundations and licensing fees.
For the immediate future, Kapor thinks that Chandler will be simply another alternative in the shadow of the giant. But long term, the OSAF sees a sea change in the industry itself. "If Chandler works, I can't see why we couldn't do a word processor or a spreadsheet," says Kapor. After all, he predicts, "in 10 years Office and Windows will be commodities." Meaning that the Open Source Applications Foundation, or anyone else, will be able to plug its products—including an operating sys tem-into your computing world. Microsoft's will cost money. The others will be free. If Kapor has his way, it's a long good-bye for Microsoft's dominance.
Microsoft company in the software world
A．has taken a firm monopoly.
B．controlled all the innovation.
C．has no competitors.
D．developed the best software.
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
The biggest demonstration in a generation is being assembled by mobilizing the power of the web, which allows anti-war groups to rally multitudes at the click of a mouse. Cornish speakers for peace can share ideas by e-mail with Rhodes Scholars Against the War while taking into account the sensitivities of the Young Muslim Sisters. Footsore ban-the-bomb veterans such as Tony Myers of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, busily preparing yesterday for the mass protest, can only marvel at the power of the net.
"It's made a massive difference," he said. "Back in the 1980s when we were trying to organize huge demos it was all about going to meetings and sending mail to regional people. I was a volunteer before the 1983 demonstration which attracted 400,000 marchers. The office was just awash with people printing things on old duplicators. People today feel more like they are part of a big movement. In the 1980s, we would read about demos all over the world a few days later in the newspapers. Now you know all the details in advance if you are on the e-mail list. The Stop the War Coalition needs only a handful of headquarters staff because the website is a virtual campaign group in itself, complete with briefings, news, addresses and artwork.
Children's superior mastery of the internet is reflected in the proliferation of youth groups opposing war. The Woodcraft Folk (a sort of pacifist version of the Scouts) announce that they will be bringing an orange parachute on the march. The Engels-Marx Communist Party (slogan "Resist and Revolt") is a group of pupils at a Leicester comprehensive school opposing the war. The entire country is covered from the Aberdeen Students Against War Society to Torbay Stop the War group.
Anti-war campaigners put leaflets, maps, posters and petitions on their websites for supporters to print, stick in their window or hand out at the march. Stop the War Coalition includes a direct- debit form. which supporters can download and send to their bank manager to make donations.
Message boards are filled with anti-war protesters arguing their case. The issue is being exploited by the British National Party, which has posted a self-serving press release proclaiming support for the march because of their concerns over "the power of the Israeli lobby". Anti-war individuals have been e-mailing friends with songs for the march, one to the tune of If You're Happy and You Know It. The internet was created in the 1960s partly by the Advanced Research Project Agency of the US Department of Defense. It is widely said to have been created in order to send military messages after an atomic war.
The example in the first paragraph is used to show the demonstrators ______.
A．share the similar goals with one another
B．need to compromise with one another
C．can not really co-operate due to geographic isolations
D．get in touch with one other easily on internet
Not only______ a promise, but also he kept it.
A．does the manager make
B．did the manager make
C．the manager made
D．the manager makes
The manager of the customer service department seems ______ (replace).
Name of position
a．President (Am E．)
b．Section Manager
c．Manager
d．Executive
e．Chairman of the Board
f．Executive Vice-President/Managing Director
g．Deputy General Manager
h．Assistant Manager
i．Supervisor
j．Executive Manager, General Manager
A.SAP Solution Manager is an add-on industry solution
B.SAP Solution Manager is installed as a component of each of your existing landscapes
C.SAP Solution Manager is used only for implementing your application
D.SAP Solution Manager is a standalone system that communicates with the systems in the system landscape
The manager ______ all the engagements on the ground that he needed more rest.
A．canceled
B．announced
C．eliminated
D．kept
The manager demanded time to ________ on what to do.
A) study
B) think
C) consider
D) reflect
The man in the comer confessed to ______ a lie to the manager of the company.
A．have told
B．having been told
C．being told
D．having told
