题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
Emerson, according to the text, is probably ______.
A．a pioneer of education reform
B．an opponent of intellectualism
C．a scholar in favor of intellect
D．an advocate of regular schooling
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"Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual," says education writer Diane Ravitch. "Schools could be a counterbalance." Ravitch's latest book, Left Back. A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.
But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, "We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society."
"Intellect is resented as a form. of power or privilege," writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American life, a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.
Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: "We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing." Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized—going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness.
Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.
School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who "joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise".
What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school？
A．The habit of thinking independently.
B．Profound knowledge of the world.
C．Practical abilities for future career.
D．The confidence in intellectual pursuits.
“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Razitch’s latest bock, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.
But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”
“Intellect is resented as a form. of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American life, a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.
Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children:“We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized —— going to school and learning to read —— so he can preserve his innate goodness.
Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.
School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”
第56题：What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school？
A The habit of thinking independently.
B Profound knowledge of the world.
C Practical abilities for future career.
D The confidence in intellectual pursuits.
Most people-or at least more Western Europeans-did not accept daydreaming as part of their lives. In fact, until recently, daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time. Or it was considered an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties. But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming. And it may be that more people are suffering from a lack of daydreaming than are suffering from too much of it.
It now appears that a person's self-control and self-direction may suffer if he or she does no daydreaming at all. Such a person may become poorly equipped to deal with the pressures of daily life.
Dr. Joan T. Freyberg has concluded that daydreaming contributes to intellectual growth. It also improves concentration and the ability to get long with others, she says. Another researcher reported that daydreaming seemed to produce improved self-control and creative ability.
But that's only part of the story. The most remarkable thing about daydreaming may be its usefulness in shaping our future lives, as we want them to be.
Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser believed that much of his success was due to the positive use of daydreaming. He maintained that you can imagine your future. Florence Nightingale dreamed of becoming a nurse. The young Thomas Edison pictured himself as an inventor. For these notable achievers, it appears that their daydreams came true.
Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick believed that the way we pictured ourselves is often the way we turn out. He offered this advice: Hold a picture of yourself in your mind’s eye, and you will be drawn towards it. Picture yourself as defeated, and that alone will make victory impossible. Picture yourself vividly as winning, and that will contribute immeasurably to success. Do not picture yourself as anything, and you will drift
(1)According to the passage, people who do not daydream will __________.
A、suffer from a lack of daydreaming
B、not waste time
C、improve concentration
D、escape from the real life
(2)What does the first sentence in the fourth paragraph mean？
A、But that's only part of the research.
B、But there are still some other stories.
C、But the story does not finish yet.
D、But there are still some other positive uses of daydreaming.
(3)The example of Thomas Edison is used to show __________.
A、he is a successful dreamer
B、he is a successful inventor
C、daydreaming can shape our future
D、daydreaming can improve creative ability
(4)According to Harry Emerson, if we do not imagine at all, we may __________.
A、be defeated
B、wander and be aimless
C、achieve success
D、overcome most of the problems
(5)Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage？
A、Daydreaming, too much or too little？
B、Come on, Imaging Your Future!
C、New Discoveries on Daydreaming.
D、Citizens Embracing Daydreaming
According to the text, the White House
A．has acknowledged its fault.
B．didn't receive the warning of the hijacking.
C．warned its departments of the new attack.
D．was unable to assess the situation correctly.
According to the passage, "I can shut my eyes" means ______.
A．I can close my eyes
B．I can't see it
C．I can't notice it
D．I can stand it
According to the passage, Pat didn't ______.
A. want to be like his uncle in every way
B. try to make the sounds of a bird singing
C. like to go to school
D. go to school across the forest
Which of the following is true according to the passage？
A．The goalmouth is equal to the weapon in hunting
B．Without hunting our forefathers couldn't live
C．After our forefathers became farmers, they still hunted for food
D．Farmers are satisfied with stable lives, and they didn't have enthusiasm for hunting any more
According to the author, which of the following is NOT an ancient belief？
A．Gods lived in trees.
B．The gods would be envious of one's success.
C．Sneezing is unsanitary.
D．Knocking on wood attracting gods' attention.
According to the passage, it can be inferred that______.
A．Bill Gates is a monopolist
B．Bill Gates is complacent
C．Bill Gates is worried about the future of Microsoft
D．Bill Gates won't ally with other companies except Intel
Which of the following is NOT true according to the author？
A．Tipping is a common practice in the restaurant world.
B．Waiters don't care about tipping
C．Customers generally believe in tipping.
D．Tipping has little connection with the quality of service
