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(1)( ) It is correct.
(2)( ) It is incorrect because ______
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更多“The parties who are qualified …”相关的问题
By saying "but now they' ve become wallflowers" (Line 3, Paragraph 4), Dr. Fowler intends to show that______.
A．those who are isolated by clusters tend to quit smoking
B．those who keep smoking are now loosely connected to their previous groups
C．those ongoing smokers tend to drive their friend away in parties
D．smoking in clusters are bad for the health of individuals and society alike
Conflict is an organizational reality that is inherently neither good nor bad in and of itself. It can be destructive, but it can also play a productive role both within a person and between persons. Whereas most managers seek to reduce conflict because of its negative effect, some seek to use it for its positive effects on creativity, and motivation.
There is no "one best way" for managing interpersonal conflict, either as an involved adversary or as a third party. Rather, there are a number of strategies involving the external conditions, differing views, internal feelings, and outcomes. In addition, the relationships of the involved parties (for example, superiors and subordinates, etc. ) and their past histories as adversaries, allies, or relatively neutral third parties form. another key factor. The relative power of the involved parties is another consideration in deciding whether to withdraw from the conflict, work toward controlling a conflict into a win/lose pattern, or smooth it over with friendly acts.
Conflict as an involved participant is emotionally very different from conflict as a relatively objective third party. Indeed, as we will see, one strength of involving third parties lies in their potential to add an objective perspective to the feelings and behavior. of the involved adversaries. In this reading, we view the management of conflict from the point of view of both the adversary and the outside third party who might be a boss, colleague, friend, or even subordinate. Each of these roles adds its own distinct strengths and weaknesses.
From this passage, we learn that ______.
A．interpersonal conflict is typical of all people
B．interpersonal conflict tends to occur more often among aggressive people
C．when we look at interpersonal conflict, we must always listen to the opinions of the superiors
D．accumulated opposition often leads to interpersonal conflict
One suggestion that has been made in order to maximize the efficiency of the system is to allow districts that have an overabundance of pending cases to borrow judges from other districts that do not have such a backlog. Another suggestion is to use pretrial conferences, in which the judge meets in his chambers with the litigants and their attorneys in order to narrow the issues, limit the witnesses, and provide for a more orderly trial. The theory behind pretrial conferences is that judges will spend leas time on each case and parties will more readily settle before trial when they realize the adequacy of their claims and their opponents' evidence. Unfortunately, at least one study has shown that pretrial conferences actually use more judicial time than they save, rarely result in pretrial settlements, and actually result in higher damage settlements.
Many states have now established another method, small-claims courts, in which cases over small sums of money can be disposed of with considerable dispatch. Such proceedings cost the litigants almost nothing. In California, for example, the parties must appear before the judge without the assistance of counsel. The proceedings are quite informal and there is no pleading—the litigants need to make only a one-sentence statement of their claim. By going to this type of court, the plaintiff waives any right to a jury trial and the right to appeal the decision.
In coming years, we can expect to see more and more innovations in the continuing effort to remedy a situation which must be remedied if the citizens who have valid claims are going to be able to have their day in court.
The pretrial conference, in theory, is supposed to do all of the following EXCEPT ______.
A．narrow the issues
B．cause early settlements
C．save judicial time
D．increase settlement costs
When an Englishman passes a friend in the street he does not always stop to talk. He may just nod, say “hello” and pass on. If two friends do stop to talk, they do not shake hands. It is only at parties for young people(students, for instance)that a person could go up to someone he does not know and introduce himself. On more formal occasions or at parties run by older people a guest always waits to be introduced to someone he does not know by the host, hostess or another guest who he already knows. At even a formal dinner an Englishman does not wait for a toast before he has a drink. The English reserve toasts for very formal or very special occasions. In these cases the toast will usually be accompanied by a short speech, for example, at a wedding reception or at a party for somebody who is retiring. After a private dinner in someone’s house an Englishman will only shake hands with the host and hostess if it is a fairly formal occasion, like a business dinner, and he will usually put his coat on and say goodbye as he leaves the house.
Luckily, like Chinese people, the English usually excuse foreign students over matters of etiquette. But even so, perhaps the safest advice for the overseas student, no matter what country he is visiting, is to follow the old proverb: when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
1.What will a person do when he attends a party run by older people？ （）A、Go up to a stranger and introduce himself.
B、Ask his friend to introduce him to others.
C、Give a speech in front of others to introduce himself.
D、Wait to be introduced by the hoss/hostess.
2.Which of the following best explains the proverb: when in Rome, do as the Romans do. （）
A、If you go to Rome, you must do things like the Romans.
B、When you go to a foreign country, you should learn something about their manners.
C、Romans always do the right thing, so you should follow them.
D、Manners in Roman are as easy to follow as in other countries.
Task 5
Directions: The following is a Call for Partnership（征求合作伙伴）advertised in a newspaper. After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No.56 to No.60) that follow. The answers (in no more than 3 words) should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.
In order to hold an outstanding Olympic Games, the Beijing Organizing Committee issues this Call for Expression of Interest in the project of Beijing 2008 Partner. Interested parties are invited to participate in the procedure and submit their declaration of interest and related supporting documents.
General Terms and Conditions of Participation
1. Applicants must be able to contribute sufficient funds, products and related services to meet the demands of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.
2. Applicants must possess , financial and technical capabilities.
3. Applicants must enjoy a positive social image, good reputation and excellent business record.
4. Applicants undertake not to associate their response to this call and participation in the procedure with any of their commercial activities.
56. What is the main purpose of this Call for Expression of Interest？
To invite _____________ to participate in the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.
57. Who is the issuer of this Call for Expression of Interest？
W: Why don't you try house-sitting？ Last summer Cindy was a house sitter for the Smiths when they went away on vacation. They hired Cindy to stay in their house because they didn't want it left empty.
M: You mean they paid Cindy just to live in their house？
W: It wasn't that easy. She had to water the house plants, mow the lawn, and even take care of the pets.
M: I guess it is a little like baby-sitting, except you're taking care of a house instead of children.
W: The student employment office still has a few jobs posted.
M: Do I just have to fill oat an application？
W: You have to have an interview with the homeowner and provide three references at least.
M: That seems like a lot of trouble for a summer job.
W: Well, the homeowner wants some guarantee that they can trust the house sitter. You know they want to make sure you're not the type who'll hold wild parties in their house, or bring a group of friends in with you.
M: I see. House sitters who do that sort of thing probably aren't paid then.
W: Usually they're paid anyway just because the homeowners don't want to make a fuss. But if the homeowner reports it, the house sitter won't be able to get another job easily. So why don't you apply？
M: I think I will. Thank you.
(20)
A．They left their pets with neighbors.
B．They rented their house to a student.
C．They hired someone to stay in their home.
D．They asked their gardener to watch their house.
Directions: The following is a Call for Partnership(征求合作伙伴)advertised in a newspaper. After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No.56 to No.60) that follow. The answers (in no more than 3 words) should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.
In order to hold an outstanding Olympic Games, the Beijing Organizing Committee issues this Call for Expression of Interest in the project of Beijing 2008 Partner. Interested parties are invited to participate in the procedure and submit their declaration of interest and related supporting documents.
General Terms and Conditions of Participation
1. Applicants must be able to contribute sufficient funds, products and related services to meet the demands of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.
2. Applicants must possess , financial and technical capabilities.
3. Applicants must enjoy a positive social image, good reputation and excellent business record.
4. Applicants undertake not to associate their response to this call and participation in the procedure with any of their commercial activities.
56. What is the main purpose of this Call for Expression of Interest？
To invite _____________ to participate in the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.
57. Who is the issuer of this Call for Expression of Interest？
The ____________________________________ of the 2008 Olympic Games.
58. What must the applicants do to meet the demands of the 2008 Olympic Games？
Contribute sufficient funds, products, and ___________________________.
59. What is required of the applicants in terms of social image？
They must enjoy a ___________________________________ social image.
60. What should applicants undertake not to do？
Associate their response and participation with any of their __________.
Under the SCC Rules three arbitrators are appointed unless the SCC Institute decides, at its discretion, that the arbitral tribunal should consist of a sole arbitrator. However the parties may agree otherwise. Each party appoints one arbitrator and the SCC Institute the third who will act as chairman of the arbitral tribunal, unless the parties have decided otherwise. There is no list of arbitrators but the parties may appoint any person of any nationality as arbitrator, as long as he is impartial and independent.
The parties may be represented or assisted by any person of any nationality in the proceedings.
The parties are also free to agree on :
·The place of arbitration
·The language to be used in the proceedings
·The law, or rules of law, to be applied to the substance of the case
The arbitrators act on the basis of presentations-both oral and written-submitted by the parties.
The award shall be rendered within six months and no appeal is permitted on the merits .
Claimant files its request for arbitration, appoints an arbitrator and provides the registration fee
The request for arbitration shall include the names and addresses of the parties and their counsel, a summary of the dispute, a preliminary statement of relief sought, a copy of the arbitration agreement and, the name and address of the appointed arbitrator.
The request may be faxed to the SCC Institute or sent by e-mail. However, if the request is extensive, paper copies are preferred. In such case, the request should be submitted in five copies.
At the same time as the request for arbitration is filed, the claimant shall pay a registration fee.
SCC Institute
The SCC Institute makes a preliminary check on its jurisdiction and, if the registration fee is provided, notifies the respondent.
Respondent submits its reply to the request for arbitration and appoints an arbitrator
The reply shall include comments on the request and the name and address of the appointed arbitrator. Furthermore, the respondent should submit any counterclaim or set- off claim and any objections regarding jurisdiction. The reply may be brief.
Failure from the respondent to submit a reply does not prevent the SCC Institute from proceeding with the arbitration.
SCC Institute appoints a chairman and determines the advance on costs
If the respondent fails to submit its reply, or if' the reply does not contain any information regarding an arbitrator, the SCC Institute appoints an arbitrator on the respondent's behalf.
Furthermore, apart from appointing the Chainnan and determining the Advance on Costs , the Institute decides the place of arbitration, should the parties not have determined it already.
Should the parties have decided another procedure regarding the appointment of the chairman, the SCC Institute will consider such decision.
Following the above said decisions the SCC Institute requests the parties to provide the advance on costs.
Claimant provides its part of the advance on costs
The advance on costs shall be provided in cash. However, part of the amount may be provided by way of a bank guarantee. The SCC Institute keeps model guarantees for such purpose.
Generally, Lhe parties are asked to provide the advance on costs with half each. Should the respondent fail to provide its part of the amount the claimant will be asked to provide the entire amount.
Respondent provides its part of the advance on costs
The advance on costs shall be provided in cash. However, part of the amount may be provided by way of a bank guarantee. The SCC Institute keeps model guarantees for such purpose.
Generally, the parties are asked to provide the advance on costs with half each. The respondent may not pursue a counterclaim wiLhout providing an advance on costs.
SCC Institute refers the case to the arbitral tribunal
Following the payment of the advance on costs, the case is referred to the arbitral tribunal.
The arbitral tribunal
The manner of conducting the proceedings is determined by the arbitral tribunal in compliance with the conditions set down in the arbitration agreement and the SCC rules. Due account is taken to the wishes of the parties.
Unless the parties have agreed on the language to be used in the proceedings, the arbitral tribunal will, after consultation with the parties, make such decision.
Unless the parties have agreed which law, or rules of law, shall apply to the merits of the dispute, the arbitral tribunal will apply the law, or rules of law, that it considers to be most appropriate.
The arbitral tribunal requests the claimant to submit a statement of claim. The respondent will be requested to submit a statement of defence.
Claimant submits its statement of claim
The claimant shall submit a statement of claim, including the following (unless already submitted) :
·The relief sought
·The material facts and circumstances
·A preliminary statement of evidence
The claimant may amend its claim in the course of the proceedings if the amendments are comprised by the arbitration agreement and the arbitral tribunal does not oppose thereto on account of the point of time of the amendment, the prejudice that may be caused to the other party or other circumstances.
Respondent submits its statement of defence
The respondent shall submit a statement of defence, including the following (unless already submitted) :
·A statement as to whether the respondent denies or accepts the relief sought by the claimant
·The material facts and circumstances
·Any counterclaim or set-off claim and the grounds therefore
·A preliminary statement of evidence
The respondent may amend its counterclaim or set-off claim in the course of the proceedings if the amendments are comprised by the arbitration agreement and the arbitral tribunal does not oppose thereto on account of the point of time of the amendments, the prejudice that may be caused to the other party or other circumstances.
The arbitral tribunal summons the parties to a hearing
An oral hearing shall be arranged if requested by either party, or if the arbitral tribunal considers it appropriate. The arbitral tribunal shall determine the time for the hearing, its duration and how it is to be organized, including the manner in which evidence is to be presented. When planning the hearing, the arbitral tribunal shall take into account the wishes of the parties.
At the hearing the parties shall, at the request of the arbitral tribunal, state the evidence on which they intend to rely.
Despite a party's failure to appear at the hearing, the arbitral tribunal may decide to continue the hearing and render an award.
The arbitral tribunal renders an award
An award shall be rendered not later than six months as from the date when the case was referred to the arbitral tribunal.
At the request of a party, a separate issue or part of the matter in dispute may be decided in a separate award.
If a party withdraws a claim the other party may request the arbitral tribunal to rule on the claim. A condition for such ruling is that the party requesting the award has paid an advance on costs.
When rendered an award is final and binding for the parties.
Questions for reading :
Another advantage of money is that it is a measure of value, that is, it serves as a unit in terms of which the relative values of different products can be expressed. In a barter economy it would be necessary to determine how many plates were worth one hundred weight of cotton, or how many pens should be exchanged for a ton of coal, which would be a difficult and time-consuming task. The process of establishing relative values would have to be undertaken for every act of exchange, according to what products were being offered against one another, and according to the two parties'desires and preferences. If I am trying to barter fish bananas, for example, a lot would depend on whether the person willing to barter fish for bananas, for example, a lot would depend on whether the person willing to exchange bananas is or not keen on fish.
Thirdly, money acts as a store of wealth. It is difficult to imagine saving under a barter system. No one engaged on only one stage in the manufacture of a person could save part of his output, since he would be producing nothing complete. Even when a person actually produced a complete product the difficulties would be overwhelming. Most products deteriorate fairly rapidly, either physically or in value, as a result of long storage; even if storage were possible, the practice of storing products for years on would involve obvious disadvantages-imagine a coal-miner attempting to save enough coal, which of course is his product, to keep him for life. If wealth could not be saved, or only with great difficulty, future needs could not be provided for, or capital accumulated to raise productivity.
Using money as a medium of exchange means that______.
A．you have to sell something in order to buy something
B．you have to buy something in order to sell something
C．you don't have to buy something in order to sell something
D．the seller and the purchaser are the same person
