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Faces, like fingerprints(指纹) , are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people？ Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child—or even an animal, such as a pigeon—can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted.
We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone's personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.
Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone's personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a "nice face" looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a" nice person" , you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate (考虑 周到的) , friendly, warm, and so forth.
There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon an Ports, an American psychologist, found nearly 18, 000 English words characterizing differences in people's behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types—people are described with such terms.
People have always tried to" type" each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain's (坏人) or the hero 's role. In fact, the words "person" and" personality" come from the Latin persona, meaning " mask " . Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the "good guys" from the "bad guys" because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.
The main idea of this passage is ______.
A．how to distinguish people's faces
B．how to describe people's personality
C．how to distinguish people both inward (内向的) and outward (外向的)
D．how to differ good persons from bad persons
In all these cultures, there is a practice of making noise. People made noise in ancient times to drive away the evil spirits (妖精) from their homes. Today making noise is more of a custom than a religious rim
In the United States, many people stay up until midnight on New Year's Eve to watch the clock pass from one year to the next. Friends often gather together at a party on New Year's Eve, and when the new year comes, all ring bells, blow' whistles, sing songs, and kiss each other. A favorite Scottish song which everyone sings together is Auld Lang Sync. The words tell of old friends and good times.
In all cultures, New Year's Day is a time when people think of new beginnings. They want to make the coming year better than the last one. Many people in the United States make New Year resolutions. These are specific promises that they make to improve their behavior, change their habits, and become better people. There are many jokes about how a person keeps his or her New Year resolutions.
In ancient times, the practice of making noise was meant ______.
A．to keep the evil spirits away
B．to have fun
C．to celebrate the coming of the new year
D．to keep to a custom
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You' re a lucky dog. " Is he really on your side？ If he says, "You' re a lucky guy. " or "You' re a lucky gal. " , that's being friendly. But" lucky dog" ？ There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.
"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for" is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he？ Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does what he says square with the tone of voice？ His posture？ The look in his eyes？ Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he
A．feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him
B．feels he may not have"read" his friends'true feelings correctly
C．thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friend
D．is sorry that his friends let him down
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don' t really listen closely we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You' re a lucky dog." That' s being friendly. But "lucky dog？" There' s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn' t see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn' t think you deserve your luck.
"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he？ Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn' t important. It' s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone' s words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does what he says agree with the tone of voice？ His posture？ The look in his eyes？ Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
This passage is mainly about ______.
A．how to interpret what people say
B．what to do when. you listen to others talking
C．how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people
D．why we go wrong with people sometimes
Many people are afraid to assert themselves (坚持已见). Dr. Robert Alberti, author of Stand Up, Speak Out, and Talk Back, thinks it's because of their lack of confidence. "Our structure of organization tends to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always a 'superior' around—a parent, a teacher, a boss—who knows better'. These 'superiors' often gain when they keep breaking at your self-image."
But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people assert themselves. They offer "assertiveness training" courses—AT for short. In the AT course people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be aggressive without hurting people.
In one way, learning to speak out is to overcome fear. A group taking an AT course will help the shy person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger motive—the need to share. The shy person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.
Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to doubt your own good sense. You go by the other person's label. But, why should you？ AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.
People are reluctant to talk back because ______.
A．they have a poor self-image
B．they have not received AT courses
C．they have not grasped communication skills
D．they are not generous enough to share things
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET I. (40 points)
Text 1
We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？ .... When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend？ Or did he envy my luck？" "And Paul—why didn't pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car？" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it' s too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don' t really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You' re a lucky dog." That' s being friendly. But "lucky dog？" There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that the doesn't think you deserve your luck.
"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for," is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he？ Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn’t important. It' s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven' t got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone' s words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does what he says agree with the tone of voice？
His posture？ The look in his eyes？ Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people to you may save another mistake.
21. This passage is mainly about______.
A) how to interpret what people say
B) what to do when you listen to others talking
C) how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people
D) why we go wrong with people sometimes
The resaults are more serious: for where there are trees their roots break the soil allowing the rain to sink and also hold the soil, thus preventing it from being washed away easily, but where there are no trees, the soil becomes hard and poor.
The rain falls on hard ground and flows away on the surface, causing floods, and carry away with it the rich top soil in which crops grow so well. When all the top soil is gone, nothing remains but worthless desert.
The purpose that the writer wrote this article for is ______.
A．to tell people that trees are very useful to man
B．to warn people not to cut down trees any more
C．to warn that man mustn't destroy forests any more
D．to explain how trees help to prevent drought and floods
This passage tries to tell you how to______.
A．avoid mistakes about both money and people
B．say things elegantly
C．avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you
D．keep people friendly without trusting them
This passage is trying to tell us about______.
A．motorists'troubles in parking their cars in cities
B．the reason why a new kind of hotel is getting popular
C．which place is better for people to stay for the night
D．how to find a place to park your car when traveling
People【26】up the editor when something interesting【27】. The editor sends a reporter and a photographer to find out【28】.
The reporter phones the newspaper to tell the story. A typist types it【29】. Next, the editor decides how much "space" to give the story. Important stories【30】most of a page. The stories are keyed (输入) into a computer and【31】print.
The first copies are called "proofs (校样) ". Another editor【32】mistakes. The stories are all【33】in the paper. Then the paper is printed.
The newspapers are【34】by lorry, plane or rail.【35】are taken all over the country. The【36】arrive early in the morning, and people buy them.
Not all newspapers【37】every day. Some are weekly with a Sunday edition. Local (地方的) newspapers【38】the news for different parts of the country.
Working on a daily paper is always busy. But people working on weekly papers do not have to work【39】such a hurry. Sometimes reporters【40】all over the world to report news.
(46)
A．printed
B．print
C．is printing
D．are printed
In all these cultures, there is a practice of making noise. People made noise in ancient times to drive away the evil spirits (妖精) from their homes. Today making noise is more of a custom than a religious ritual(宗教仪式).
In the United States, many people stay up until midnight on New Year's Eve to watch the clock pass from one year to the next. Friends often gather together at a party on New Year's Eve, and when the new year comes, all ring bells, blow whistles, sing songs, and kiss each other. A favorite Scottish song which everyone sings together is Auld Lang Syne. The words tell of old friends and good times.
In all cultures, New Year's Day is a time when people think of new beginnings. They want to make the coming year better than the last one.. Many people in the United States make New Year resolutions. These are specific promises that they make to improve their behavior, change their habits, and become better people. There are many jokes about how a person keeps his or her New Year resolutions.
Is it true, according to the passage, that people all over the world celebrate New Year on January 1st？
A．Yes.
B．No, only the Europeans and North Americans do so.
C．It isn't mentioned.
D．No, only the Romans did so.
