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The workers went on strike against the government' s plan()the prices of daily necessities.
A.on
B.at
C.for
D.with
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A.on
B.at
C.for
D.with
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更多“The workers went on strike aga…”相关的问题
The idea arose because of the 【B4】 behavior. of the women in the plant. According to 【B5】 of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 【B6】 what was done in the experiment; 【B7】 something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) 【B8】 that they were being experimented upon seemed to be 【B9】 to alter workers' behavior. 【B10】 itself.
After several decades, the same data were 【B11】 to econometric analysis. The Hawthorne experiments had another surprise in store. 【B12】 the descriptions on record, no systematic 【B13】 was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.
It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to 【B14】 interpretations of what happened. 【B15】 , lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output 【B16】 rose compared with the previous Saturday and 【B17】 to rise for the next couple of days. 【B18】, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondays. Workers 【B19】 to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before 【B20】 a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged "Hawthorne effect" is hard to pin down.
【B1】
A．affected
B．achieved
C．extracted
D．restored
Ms Hord is a sweet-natured, gentle -talking, white-haired Southerner who never owed a debt to society—thus, she never had to pay one. So you have to wonder what a woman like this is doing in a place where most people are itching to get loose. Unlike the rest of the population, Ms Hord goes to prison freely and eagerly. And when she gets there, she persuades prisoners of every sort to sing little ditties about their ABCs and XYZs.
At age 80 , Ms Hord began teaching prisoners to read during a chance visit to the State Prison with a lawyer friend. "When I got there, I heard that a group of volunteer workers had been praying for a teacher. They asked me if I would come and I said I would be thrilled, " she said.
On a personal level, Ms Hord considers this rewarding work. If you get at the reason why these men went into crime, you will find that none of them succeeded in their early years of schooling. "They went to school at 5 believing they were going to learn to read. When they didn't learn in the first or second grade, they realized something was wrong. By 8, they were having problems. By 12 or 13, they were drinking or using drugs. And it's getting worse. I' m seeing younger and younger prisoners who know less and less. They can't read well enough to function in this society. " She says.
It is this situation that Ms Hord goes to prison week after week to correct. And when her most difficult students finally begin to read, she is sure that she, too, knows why the caged birds sing.
Ms Hord goes to prison eagerly to______.
A．sing songs for the prisoners
B．teach the prisoners to read
C．pray for the prisoners
D．make friends with the prisoners
In the jobless-claims report, even with the decline, a government analyst said, the level was inflated as a result of a technical fluke. The distortion is coming from a requirement that laid-off workers seeking to take advantage of a federal extension for benefits must summit new claims. Congress recently passed legislation signed into law by President Bush that provided a 13-week extension of jobless benefits.
The fluck has clouded the layoffs picture for several weeks. But the government analyst said the refilling requirement is having much less of an effect on the claims numbers than in previous weeks. The more stable four-week moving average of new claims, which smoothes out weekly fluctuation, also fell last week to 435750, the lowest level since the beginning of April. But the number of workers continuing to receive unemployment benefits rose to 3.8 million for the work week ending April 20, evidence that people who are out of work are having trouble finding new jobs.
Economists predict that job growth won't be strong enough in the coming months to prevent the nation's unemployment rate-now at 5.7 percent-from rising. Many economists are forecasting a rise in April's jobless rate to 5.8 percent and estimating that businesses added around 55,000 jobs during the month. The government will release the April employment report on Friday. Even as the economy bounces back from recession, some economists expect the jobless rate will peak to just over 6 percent by June. That is because companies will be reluctant to quickly hire back laid-off workers until they are assured the recovery is here to stay. Given the fledging rebound, many economists expect the Federal Reserve to leave short-term interest rates-now at 40-year lows-unchanged when it meets on May 7．The Fed adjusted interest rates 11 times in a row last year to rescue the economy from recession, which began in May 2001.
The fact that new claims for jobless benefits decreased shows that______.
A．the economy is well on its way to recovery
B．more jobless workers have found new jobs
C．companies have slowed down firing workers
D．unemployment rates fluctuate on a seasonal basis
We should always have been suspicious. After all, computers have spread quickly because they have become cheaper to buy and easier to use. Falling prices and skill requirements suggest that the digital divide would spontaneously shrink—and so it has.
Now, a new study further discredits the digital divide. The study, by economist David Card of the University of California, Berkeley, challenges the notion that computers have significantly worsened wage inequality. The logic of how this supposedly happens is straightforward: computers raise the demand for high-skilled workers, increasing their wages. Meanwhile, computerization—by automating many routine tasks—reduces the demand for low-skilled workers and, thereby, their wages. The gap between the two widens.
Superficially, wage statistics support the theory. Consider the ratio between workers near the top of the wage distribution and those near the bottom. Computerization increased; so did the wage gap.
But wait, point out Card and DiNardo. The trouble with blaming computers is that the worsening of inequality occurred primarily in the early 1980s. With computer use growing, the wage gap should have continued to expand, if it was being driven by a shifting demand for skills. Indeed, Card and DiNardo find much detailed evidence that contradicts the theory. They conclude that computerization does not explain "the rise in U.S. wage inequality in the last quarter of the 20th century".
The popular perception of computers' impact on wages is hugely overblown. Lots of other influences count for as much, or more. The worsening of wage inequality in the early 1980s, for example, almost certainly reflected the deep 1981—1982 recession and the fall of inflation. Companies found it harder to raise prices. To survive, they concluded that they had to hold down the wages of their least skilled, least mobile and youngest workers.
The "digital divide" suggested a simple solution (computers) for a complex problem (poverty). With more computer access, the poor could escape their lot. But computers never were the source of anyone's poverty and, as for escaping, what people do for themselves matters more than what technology can do for them.
It is generally believed that the digital divide is something ______.
A．that is responsible for economic inequalities.
B．deemed to be positive in poverty-relief.
C．that results from falling computer prices.
D．getting worse because of the Internet.
In 1970, a young German schoolmaster had an idea which changed this state of affairs. He decided to turn his little schoolhouse into a dormitory or hostel for the summer holidays. Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money. The idea was a success. A few years later, the schoolhouse was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there. As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby. This was the first Youth Hostel.
Today, young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostel and get to know each other. When young people arrive at the hostel, they have only to show their card of membership in a hostel organization in their own country. This card will permit him to use the facilities of hostels all over the world for very low prices.
Often, at the evening meal, a group of boys and girls from various parts of the country or the world will happen to meet at the same hostel. They may put their food together and prepare a dinner with many kinds of dishes. Sometimes a program will be organized after the meal with dances, songs, or short talks followed by a question period. One can learn a lot of things about other places, just by meeting people who come from those places. For this reason, a few weeks spent "hostelling" can be just as useful a part of one's education as classes in school.
The author says children in the city seldom went to the woods and fields because
A．all these places were too far away for them to go between morning and nightfall
B．it was impossible for them to go and get back in one day
C．they were not old enough to take such a trip
D．they were not permitted to go to these places
So severe was the disruption (破坏) in New York State that its governor, George Pataki, declared a state of emergency. Confused workers spilled on to the streets, while thousands more were trapped for hours in lifts and hot, crowded subway trains. Lots of stranded (进退两难的) people ended up spending Thursday night on New York's streets. Thieves in Brooklyn in New York, and in Canada's capital, Ottawa, took advantage of the absence of streetlights and burglar alarms, and went on a looting spree (疯狂抢掠). Officials were taken aback by the speed at which the chaos unfolded. President George Bush described the incident as a "massive national problem" and promised a full investigation into what caused it.
That is still a matter of some debate. At first, naturally, there were fears of terrorist involvement, but this was quickly ruled out. However, officials were left arguing about what had actually happened. The office of Canada's prime minister, Jean Chretien, said that a severe accident at a nuclear-power plant in Pennsylvania may have been the cause. Earlier, American and Canadian officials had said a fire or perhaps lightning had hit a power plant near Niagara Falls in New York State.
1.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？()
A、Many streetlights and burglar alarms were stolen during the blackout.
B、Some terrorists were involved in the incident.
C、President George Bush demanded a full investigation into the disruption in New York.
D、Officials were not sure what had caused the power failure.
2.Several cities were affected by the massive power failure on August 14th except().
A、Ottawa
B、Cleveland
C、Chicago
D、Brooklyn
3.The power failure on August 14th brought about big chaos except that().
A、thousands of people were trapped in lifts
B、many people had to stay on streets for Thursday night.
C、stores were robbed by the thieves.
D、a power plant near Niagara Falls was hit by a fire or lightning.
4.The word "outage" in Paragraph 1 can be best replaced by().
A、power shortcut
B、disruption
C、massive national problem
D、power failure
5.It can be inferred from the passage that().
A、France has a population of about 60 million
B、Only some large cities were affected by the power failure
C、Canada's prime minister knew what had caused the power failure
D、Water was spilt onto the streets by confused workers
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
"Making money is a dirty game", says the Institute of Economic Affairs, summing up the attitude of British novelists towards business. The IEA, a free market think-tank, has just published a collection of essays (The Representation of Business in English Literature) by five academics chronicling the hostility of the country's men and women of letters to the sordid business of making money. The implication is that Britain's economic performance is retarded by an anti-industrial culture.
Rather than blaming rebellious workers and incompetent managers for Britain's economic worries. Then, we can put George Orwell and Martin Amis in the dock instead. From Dickens's Scrooge to Amis's John Self in his 1980s novel Money, novelists have conjured up a rogue's gallery of mean, greedy, amoral money-men that has alienated their impressionable readers from the noble pursuit of capitalism.
The argument has been well made before, most famously in 1981 by Martin Wiener. an American academic, in his English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit. Lady Thatcher was an admirer of Mr. Wiener's, and she led a crusade to revive the "entrepreneurial culture" which the liberal elite had allegedly trampled underfoot. The present Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown, sounds as though he agrees with her. At a recent speech to the Confederation of British Industry, he declared that it should be the duty of every teacher in the country to "communicate the virtues of business and enterprise".
Certainly, most novelists are hostile to capitalism, but this refrain risks scapegoating writers for failings for which they are not to blame. Britain's culture is no more anti-business than that of other countries. The Romantic Movement. which started as a reaction against the industrial revolution of the 21st century, was born and flourished in Germany, but has not stopped the Germans from being Europe's most successful entrepreneurs and industrialists.
Even the Americans are guilty of blackening business's name. SMERSH and SPECTRE went our with the cold war, James Bond now takes on international media magnates rather than Rosa Kleb. His films such as Erin Brockovich have pitched downtrodden, moral heroes against the evil of faceless corporatism. Yet none of this seems to have dented America's lust for free enterprise.
The irony is that the novel flourished as an art form. only after, and as a result of the creation of the new commercial classes of Victorian England, just as the modern Hollywood film can exist only in an era of mass consumerism. Perhaps the moral is that capitalist societies consume literature and film to let off steam rather than to change the world.
In the first paragraph, the author introduces his topic by______.
A．posing a contract
B．justifying an assumption
C．making a comparison
D．explaining a phenomenon
Immigration is now the major contributor to demographic change in many developed countries. In the U.S., according to the latest U.S. Census Bureau projection, the population will grow by 129 million in the period from 2000 to 2050, but if immigration stops it would go up by just 54 million. Western Europe's population is 42 percent greater than that of the U.S., but its projected immigration is only about half that of the U.S.; as a consequence, the region expected to lose 28 million people over the next 50 years. Japan, which has close to zero net migration, is projected to lose 26 million by 2050. (Deaths will start outrunning births in west Europe and Japan around the middle of this decade.)
During file past six years, the U.S. received 7 percent of the world's international migrants, compared with 9 percent by Germany, the second most popular destination. One fourth of all migrants to the U.S. went to California; favorite cities, in order of the number of foreign-born, are Los Angeles, New York City, San Francisco, Miami and Chicago.
International migrants primarily come from developing countries, with China at 14 percent and Mexico at 8 percent being the largest sources. A few developing countries, Afghanistan, Bosnia, Liberia and Rwanda—have had significant influxes in recent years, but these reflect mainly the movement of refugees. Most developing countries had negative net migration.
In the past few years, every European country with considerable immigration has had a reaction against foreign workers, according to social scientist Christopher Jencks of Harvard University. Some Asian countries hit hard by recession in the late 1990s tried to repatriate migrant workers. Thus far the U.S. shows no signs of reinstituting the extremely restrictive immigration laws of the past, a major reason being the dependence of many industries on a supply of foreign labor. Indeed, the AFL-CIO, once an opponent of high immigration quotas, has reversed position and is now attempting to organize immigrant. This change in attitude, among other reasons, leads Jencks to conclude that a substantial reversal of the current liberal policies is unlikely.
Which of the following statements does NOT exactly describe the economic migrants？
A．They tend to be young,
B．Many of them are highly educated.
C．They are willing to work for low wages.
D．They constitute 2.5% of the world population.
The workers ______ approved of the government's policy.
A．mostly
B．freely
C．unhappily
D．angrily
Manual workers' working conditions generally remain bad because
A．the workers are unwilling to change them.
B．no one can decide what to do about them.
C．managers do not want to change them.
D．office workers want to protect their position.
What is implied but not stated in the passage is that in the past
A．blue-collar workers made a better living than white-collar workers
B．college and graduate schools trained more skilled workers
C．there were more white-collar workers than blue-collar workers
D．there were less white-collar workers than blue-collar workers
