Professor Barry Wellman of the University of Toron... - 搜题云问答

第1题

Professor Taylor's talk has indicated that science has a very strong on the everyday life

of non-scientists as well as scientists.

A．motivation

B．perspective

C．impression

D．impact

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第2题

According to the text, which of the following is correct？A．Howard’s Istitute aims to help

According to the text, which of the following is correct？

A．Howard’s Istitute aims to help the students in Boston.

B．Most of the students feel their classwork irrelevant to their ambitions.

C．The students have to do some volunteer work as their homework.

D．Michael is the president as well as a professor of the Efficacy institute.

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第3题

There's a professor at the University of Toronto in Canada who has come up with a term to

describe the way a lot of North Americans interact these days. And now a big research study confirms it.

Professor Barry Wellman's term is "networked individualism". It's not the easiest concept to grasp. In fact, the words seem to contradict each other. How can we be individualistic and networked at the same time？ You need other people for network.

Here's what he means. Until the Internet and e-mail came along, our social network involved flesh-and-blood relatives, friends, neighbors, and colleagues. Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real life.

But the latest study confirms that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the computer has replaced a great deal of social activities and person-to-person interaction. Some people worry that the Internet is turning us into isolated people who shut out other people in favor of a false world on computer screens.

To the contrary, the study discovered that the Internet connects us with more real people than expected—helpful people who can give advice on careers, medical problems, raising children, and choosing a school or college. About 60 million Americans told the researcher that the Internet plays an important or crucial role in helping them deal with major life decisions.

So we networked individuals are pretty tricky: we're keeping more to ourselves, while at the same time reaching out to more people, all with just the click of a computer mouse!

The term "networked individualism" is used to refer to______.

A．the way that modem people communicate on the Internet

B．a social activity popular with North Americans

C．the contradiction within network communication

D．a newly invented Internet software

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第4题

根据以下资料，回答15~18题。 Of all Barry H．Landau's anecdotes about his friendships with p

residential dogs, perhaps the best is the one about the time the Clinton White House called to postpone his play-date with Buddy． Yes, Landau is both human and an adult, a 60-year-old author, presidential historian, former White House protocol officer and memorabilia collector．But so enamored is he of dogs, and so well connected to a succession of presidents, that he had an appointment for a South Lawn romp one day with Buddy, Bill Clinton's Labrador retriever (拉布拉多犬) . Logistics got in the way, though, and hence Clinton secretary Betty Currie's apologetic voice mail left at the Smithsonian Institution, where Landau was doing research: "I'm sorry, but we'll have to reschedule Mr．Landau's play-date with Buddy." Not surprisingly, this is a happy week for Landau, with the new Obama family dog, Bo, joining a White House tradition that dates to George Washington．It's one that Landau feels is invaluable to a presidency. "Having a dog just humanizes a president," he says．"It completes the picture．It's something people can relate to." And Landau has related to the best of them．He's known about 25 White House dogs since the Eisenhower administration．Among the presidential-pooch memorabilia in his Manhattan apartment are matching orange inaugural dog coats worn by LBJ's twin beagles (小猎犬) , Him and Her, and a photo of Landau kissing Clipper, JFK's German shepherd. Who's "Buddy"？ A．Barry Landau's friend B．Betty Currie's cousin C．Bill Clinton's dog D．George Washington's play-date.

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第5题

The monitor theory was put forward by ______in the late 1970s.A. Barry Mclaughlin B. Steph

The monitor theory was put forward by ______in the late 1970s.

A. Barry Mclaughlin

B. Stephen Krashen

C. Noam Chomsky

D.J. Schumann

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第6题

Section A（30 points, 2 points each)Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.T

Section A (30 points, 2 points each)

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 3 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.

A historic change is taking place in higher education. Professors are being held responsible as never before for how well they serve students. It has become as common in colleges and universities for students to grade professors as for professors to grade students.

In fact, student ratings have become the most widely used and, in many cases, the only source of information on teaching effectiveness. In comparing three studies of the same 600 four-year colleges, it was found that the number of colleges using student ratings to evaluate teachers had climbed from 29 per cent to 68 per cent. No other method of evaluation approached that degree of usage, and other studies have found similar results.

One reason that student evaluations of teachers have become so popular is that they are easy to administer and to score. But they also are easy to abuse. If they are to shed meaningful light on teacher's performance, the rating must be used in a way that reflects at least some of what we've learnt about them from research and from experience.

Research and experience have shown us, for example, that student ratings should never be the only basis for evaluating teaching effectiveness. There is much more to teaching than what is evaluated on student rating forms. When ratings are used, we know that students should not be expected to judge whether the materials used in a course are up to date or how well the teacher knows the subject matter of the course. These judgments require professional background and are best left to the professor' s colleagues. On the other hand, students should be asked to estimate what they have learned in a course, and to report on such things as a professor's ability to communicate at the student's level, professional behavior. in the classroom, relationship with students, and ability to arouse interest in the subject.

The central idea of the passage is that ______.

A．student ratings are the only source of information on teaching effectiveness

B．ratings have become the most widely used source of information on teaching effectiveness

C．besides student ratings, there are other methods to evaluate teachers

D．student ratings are very popular and should be properly used

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第7题

Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only

a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler starting to talk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers.

It’s not quite that simple. “Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity, but they can’t be forced, ” says Jacquelynne Eccles, a psychology professor at the University of Michigan, who led a landmark, 25-year study examining what motivated first grade students in three school districts. Even so, a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who don’t seem to have much. They say that by instilling confidence, encouraging some risk taking, being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful, both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve.

Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step. Assuming that a kid doesn’t suffer from an emotional or learning disability, or isn’t involved in some family crisis at home, many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressure that conveys the message that doing well academically some how isn’t cool. “Kids get so caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look smart or dumb, and it blocks them from thinking about the long term,” says Carol Dweck, a psychology professor at Stanford. “You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth and that their intelligence is malleable. ”

Howard (a social psychologist and president of the Efficacy Institute, an organization that works with teachers and parents to help improve children’s academic performance) and other educators say it’s important to expose kids to a world beyond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, hobbies and other extracurricular activities. “The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions, ” says Michael Nakkual, a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwork is irrelevant, to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. Like any ambitious toddler, they need to understand that you have to learn to walk before you can run.

What’s the main idea of the first paragraph？

A．Children are born with plenty of ambition.

B．A baby learns to walk and talk ambitiously.

C．Ambition can be taught like other subjects at school.

D．Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed.

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第8题

Advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory, right？ Dana Denis is

just 40 years old, but (21)______ she's worried about what she calls "my rolling mental blackouts." "I try to remember something and I just blank out," she says.

You may (22)______ about these lapses, calling them "senior moments" or blaming "early Alzheimer's(老年痴呆症)." Is it an inescapable fact that the older you get, the (23)______ you remember？ Well, sort of. But as time goes by, we tend to blame age (24)______ problems that are not necessarily age-related.

"When a teenager can't find her keys, she thinks it's because she's distracted or disorganized," says Paul Gold "A 70-year-old blames her (25)______ ." In fact, the 70-year-old may have been (26)______ things for decades.

In healthy people, memory doesn't worsen as (27)______ as many of us think. "As we (28)______ , the memory mechanism isn't (29)______ ," says psychologist Fergus Craik. "It's just inefficient."

The brain's processing (30)______ slows down over the years, though no one knows exactly (31)______ Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and (32)______ there's less activity in the brain. But, cautions Barry Gordon, "It's not clear that less activity is (33)______ . A beginning athlete is winded(气喘吁吁)more easily than a (34)______ athlete. In the same way, (35)______ the brain gets more skilled at a task, it expends less energy on it.

There are (36)______ you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears, though it (37)______ effort. Margaret Sewell says: "We're a quick-fix culture, but you have to (38)______ to keep your brain (39)______ shape. It's like having a good body. You can't go to the gym once a year (40)______ expect to stay in top form."

(21)

A．almost

B．seldom

C．already

D．never

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第9题

Which of the following is NOT the factors that have helped to set up the cognitive psychol

ogy'？

A. The development of computer technology.

B. Jean Piagets research work on the reasoning abilities of children.

C. The study of Barry Mclaughlin.

D. The work of the American linguist Chomsky.

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Professor Barry Wellman of the University of Toronto in Canada has invented a term to desc