Other experiments have shown 【61】 the brain needs time to "digest" 【62】 has been learned.
(61)
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.it
(61)
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.it
The article does not say whether the scientists' experiments with dogs have ______.
A.benefited animals other than dogs
B.served man
C.helped other dogs
D.contributed to medical knowledge
Halley made his discovery ______.
A.by doing experiments
B.by means of his own careful observation
C.by using the work of other scientists
D.by chance
The article does not mention whether the scientists' experiments with dogs have ______.
A.benefited animals other than dogs
B.served man
C.helped other dogs
D.contributed to medical knowledge
After some experiments, the doctors found that ______.
A. the influenza could be cured like other types of influenza
B. the influenza must be treated in a special way
C. the influenza did not have to be treated
D. the influenza could not be cured by any known medicine
After some experiments, the doctors found that ______.
A.the influenza could be cured like other types of influenza
B.the influenza must be treated in a special way
C.the influenza didn't have to be treated
D.the influenza could be cured by any known medicine
Animal welfare groups are apparently most concerned with high school students experimenting with animals in extracurricular projects. Barbara Orlans, President of the Scientists' Center for Animal Welfare, said that students have been performing surgery at random, testing known poisonous substances, and running other pathology (病理学) experiments on animals without even knowing normal physiology (生理学).
At one science fair, a student cut off the leg and tail of a lizard (蜥蜴) to demonstrate that only the tail can regenerate, she said. In another case, a student bound sparrows, starved them and observed their behavior.
"The amount of abuse had been quite horrifying," Orlans said.
Administrators of major science fairs are short-tempered over the teachers' policy change and the impression it has created. "The teachers were sold a bill of goods by Barbara Orlans," said Thurman Grafton, who heads the rules committee for the International Science and Engineering Fair. "Backyard tabletop surgery is just nonsense. The new policies throw cold water on students inquisitiveness," he said. Grafton said he wouldn't deny that there hasn't been animal abuse among projects at the international fair, but he added that judges reject contestants who have unnecessarily injured animals. The judges have a hard time monitoring local and regional fairs that may or may not choose to comply with the international fair's rules that stress proper care of animals, Grafton said.
He said that several years ago, the Westinghouse Science Talent Search banned harmful experiments to animals when sponsors threatened to cancel their support after animal welfare groups lobbied for change.
The teachers adopted the new policies also to fend off proposed legislation — in states including Missouri and New York — that would restrict or prohibit experiments on animals.
Officials of the two teachers' organizations say that they don't know how many animals have been abused in the classroom. On the one hand, many biology teachers are not trained in the proper care of animals, said Wayne Moyer, executive director of the biology teachers' association. On the other hand, the use of animals in experiments has dropped in recent years because of school budget cuts. The association may set up seminars to teach better animal care to its members.
What is the passage mainly about?
A.Science teachers banning testing harmful to animals.
B.Teachers' policy change in experiment on animals.
C.The new policies of banning harmful experiments to animals.
D.The importance of prohibiting harmful experiments on animals.
Intelligence, it 【B5】, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 【B6】 the starting line because it depends on learning — a(n) 【B7】 process — instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they've apparently learned is when to 【B8】.
Is there an adaptive value to 【B9】 intelligence? That's the question behind this new research. Instead of casting a wistful glance 【B10】 at all the species we've left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 【B11】 of our own intelligence might be. This is 【B12】 the mind of every animal we've ever met.
Research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would 【B13】 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 【B14】, is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that 【B15】 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 【B16】 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for locations. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 【B17】, not merely how much of it there is. 【B18】, they would hope to study a(n) 【B19】 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 【B20】 the results are inconclusive.
【B1】
A.Suppose
B.Consider
C.Observe
D.Imagine
Intelligence, it 5 out, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning — a gradual 7 — instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to 8 .
Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? That’s the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. This is 12 the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.
Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 18 , they would hope to study a 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are inconclusive.
1.______
[A] Suppose [B] Consider [C] Observe [D] Imagine
A. But Komfeld said scientists will not know about the applicability of the drugs in humans until a similar study is done on humans. “What’s very encouraging is that these drugs were developed to treat humans, and they are well understood, because they’ve been used for a long time, ” he said。
B. Later the scientists discovered that two related anticonvulsant drugs also lengthened the lives of the worms-in the case of one drug, by almost 50 percent. “This was a big surprise to use, Komfeld said. ”“We didn’t think anticonvulsant drugs had any particular relationship to aging. That connection was completely unexpected. ”
C. Roundworms are a poor subject for experiments, because they are not like humans, even though their molecules are similar. For example, they have no bones, nor do they show emotions, making it difficult to know how exactly human subjects would react to these drugs in large quantities. However, using the worms allows experiments to be conducted quickly, because they do not live for long。
D. “Somehow the neural activity seems to regulate the aging of all of the body the skin, musculature, and reproductive tract, ” Kornfeld said. “Somehow the nervous system coordinates the progress of all these tissues, evidently, though the life stages. But we don’t know how it does that. ”
E. The discovery may also shed light on the little-understood aging process. Since the drugs act on the neuromuscular systems of both humans and worms, the findings hint at a link between neural activity and aging。
F. Unlike vertebrates, the worms are ideal subjects for the study of aging because of their short life spans, which last only a couple of weeks in a laboratory. The worm is well known in genetics, and the worm’s genome has been sequenced。
G. Use of this drug has been permitted by law since 1998 and wider use is now expected as a result of the studies. “We can clearly link this drug with human aging, but we still need to find proof, says Kornfeld optimistically. ”