Over the years, thanks in part to my own lifes obstacles, I thought I understood the meani
【C1】
A.observe
B.appreciate
C.understand
D.improve
【C1】
A.observe
B.appreciate
C.understand
D.improve
There is evidence that______.
A.man has been growing taller over the past 500 years
B.man has got stronger eyes than he ever had
C.man's hair is getting thinner and thinner
D.man's limbs are getting weaker because he tends to make less use of them
There is evidence that man is changing, ______.
A.he has been growing taller over the past 500 years
B.he has got stronger eyes than he ever had
C.his hair is getting thinner and thinner
D.his limbs are getting weaker because he tends to make less use of them
Girls get better【C5】______at school than boys, and in most developed countries more women than men go to【C6】______. Women will thus be better【C7】______for the new jobs of the 21st century, in which brains【C8】______a lot more than physical strength. In Britain far more women than men are now【C9】______to become doctors. And women are more【C10】______to provide sound advice on investing their parents'nest egg. Surveys show that women consistently【C11】______higher financial returns than men do.
【C12】______, the increase in female employment in the rich world has been the main【C13】______force of growth in the past couple of decades. Those women have【C14】______more to global GDP growth than have either new technology or the new giants, China and India. Add the【C15】______of housework and child-rearing, and women probably account【C16】______just over half of the world output. It is【C17】______that women still get paid less and few【C18】______it to the top of companies, but,【C19】______prejudice fades over coming years, women will have great scope to【C20】______their productivity and in comes.
【C1】
A.seen
B.observed
C.watched
D.noticed
What makes the Cyprus ship so informative is the remarkable state of preservation—mainly due to an unusual feature of its design. The hull was sheathed on the outside with lead that was fixed to the timber with bronze tacks which helped the wooden frame. survive 2000 years under the sea.
The first clue to the wreck's existence came in 1964 when a sponge diver from the present-day resort of Kyrenia came across a pole of amphorae(ancient storage jugs). Unfortunately his diving air supply ran out just at that moment, so that he had no time to mark the spot. It took him three years and hundreds of dives before he chanced upon them again.
He reported his find to an underwater archaeological team from the University of Pennsylvania which was surveying the Cypriot coasts for wrecks. After checking his description, the team decided to concentrate their resources on the Kyrenia ship, and over the next two years a team of no fewer that 50 archaeologists and divers took part in the excavation.
With the help of a metal detector, the team discovered that wreckage lay scattered over a 2000-square-foot area, often buried beneath sand and sea-weed. Each item was carefully photographed in its place, and a system of plastic grids stretched over the whole site so that it could be accurately mapped.
More than 400 amphorae lay buried in the sand. The ship had been carrying a cargo of wine and almonds. More than 9000 of these were found in or nearby the amphorae, their outer shells still perfectly preserved. As well as these, there were 29 stone grain mills, being carried both as cargo and as ballast. These were carefully stored in three rows parallel to the axis of the keel.
As well as the main cargo, there were other small finds. Four wooden spoons, four oil jugs, four salt dishes and four drinking cups suggested the number of crew on the ship s last voyage. There was an axe, and near the intricately carved mast lay a wooden pulley, used to raise and lower the yard. A bronze cauldron, used perhaps to prepare the crew's meals was also lying in the wreck.
Of five bronze coins found, none dated earlier than 306 B.C. Carbon-14 analysis of the almond cargo pinpointed their date at about 288 B.C., but that of the ship's planking suggested an earlier of 370 B.C. Thus the Kyrenia ship was more than 80 years old the day she sank-a long life for a wooden hull and proof of the good craftsmanship of her builder.
The discovery of the ship is important to students of early ships and their routes because ______.
A.the oldest surviving ship it is a valuable source of information
B.it is a useful means of extending their existing knowledge
C.its discovery has changed completely their existing ideas
D.this provides the only information about early Mediterranean trading ships that has come their way
Today Siena is famous for keeping its“old face.”For example,its city walls,which helped keep the city safe in the past,are hundreds of years old now and look almost the same as before.Also,many old buildings are seen at the Piazza del Campo,the most important meeting place of the city.Few things have really changed in this center of public life for hundreds of years.Now people still go to the open space for sharing news,shopping or playing sports.There is one more thing that helps keep Siena’s old face: cars cannot enter the city most of the time.
True,Siena is old,but it is beautifully old.People are welcome to visit this beautiful city and walk into the past.
1、The old city,Siena,began more than 2,900 years ago.
2、Siena is famous for having the first bank of the world today.
3、People in Siena have protected the old city walls very well.
4、Few old buildings can be found at the Piazza del Campo.
5、Most of the time cars are not allowed to enter Siena.
(46)
A.been
B.worked
C.stayed
D.lived
For example, it is recorded in many history books that people who lived over 3000 years ago ate salted fish. Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to preserve the dead.
In some periods of history, a person who stole salt was thought to have broken the law. Take the eighteenth century for example, if a person was caught stealing salt, he would be thrown into prison. History also records that only in England about ten thousand people were put into prison during that century for stealing salt! About 450 years ago, in the year 1553, if a man took more than his share of salt, he would be thought to have broken the law and would be seriously punished. The offender's ear was cut off.
Salt was an important item on the dinner table of a king. It was always put in front of the king when he sat down to eat. Important guests at the king's table were seated near the salt. Less important guests were given seats farther away from it.
Thousands of years ago in Egypt salt was used ______.
A.to punish people who had broken the law
B.to keep dead bodies from decay
C.to keep fish alive
D.to make chemicals
For example, it is recorded in many history books the people who lived over three thousand years ago ate salted fish. Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to preserve the dead.
In some periods of history, a person who stole salt was thought to have broken the law. Take the eighteenth century for an example, if a person was caught stealing salt, he would be thrown into prison. History also records that only in England about ten thousand people were put into prison during that century for stealing salt! About one hundred and fifty years ago, in the year 1553, if a man took more than his share of salt, he would be thought to have broken the law and would be seriously punished. The offender' s ear was cut off.
Salt was an important item on the dinner table of a king. It was always placed in front of the king when he sat down to eat. Important guests at the king' s table were seated near the salt. Less important guests were given seats farther away from it.
Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used ______.
A.to punish people who had broken the law
B.to keep dead bodies from decay
C.to keep fish alive
D.to make chemicals
听力原文: The earliest libraries existed thousands of years ago in China and Egypt where collections of records on tablets of baked clay were kept in temples and royal palaces. In the western world, libraries were first established in Ancient Greece. For example, Aristotle once had a research library in the 3rd century B. C.
The first library in the United States was a private library, which could only be used by authorized readers. In 1633, John Harvard gave money and more than 300 books to a newly- established college in Massachusetts. In return for his generosity, the legislature voted the school be named Harvard College. The librarian there set rules for the new library. Only college students and faculty members could use the books. No book could be lent for more than one month.
The earliest public library was established in Philadelphia in 1731. Although this library was open to every one, all readers had to pay a membership or subscription fee in order to borrow books. Very few subscription libraries exist today. Some book and stationary stores maintain small rental libraries, where anyone may borrow books for a daily charge. The first truly free public library that circulated books to every one at no cost was started at a small New England town in 1833. Today, there are more than 7,000 free public libraries throughout the US. They contain about 160 million books which were circulated to over 52 million readers.
Historically, the major purpose of free public libraries was educational. They were expected to provide adults with the opportunity to continue their education after they left school. SO the function of public library was once described as "less reservoir than a fountain". In other words, emphasis was to be placed on wide circulation rather than on collecting and storing books. Over the years public library services have greatly expanded. In addition to their continuing and important educational role, public libraries provide culture and recreation, and they are trying to fill many changing community needs. Most libraries offer browsing rooms where readers can relax on comfortable chairs and read current newspapers and magazines. Many also circulate music records. Library programs of films, lectures, reading clubs, and concerts also attract library users. In addition to books, records, periodicals, and reference material, libraries provide technical information such as books and pamphlets on gardening, carpentry and other specialized fields of interests. The largest public library in the US is the Library of Congress. It was originally planned as the reference library for the federal legislature. Today in addition to that important function, it serves as the reference library for the public, and sends out many books to other libraries on inter- library-loan system.
Unlike free pubic libraries, which open to everyone, private libraries can be used only by authorized readers. Many industrial and scientific organizations and business firms have collections of books, journals and research data for their staffs. Several private historical associations have research collections of special interest to their members. In addition, many elementary and secondary schools operate libraries for use by students and teachers. Prisons and hospitals maintain libraries too. The largest and the most important private libraries are operated by colleges and universities, and are used by students, faculty members, and occasionally by visiting scholars. Many universities have special libraries for research in particular fields, such as law, medicine and education. Recent surveys report that more than 300 million books are available in these academic libraries and they are regularly used by over 8 million students.
Questions:
16. Who drew up the rules for the first private library in the US?
17.Why was the earliest public library also called a subscription
A.The legislature.
B.The librarian.
C.John Harvard.
D.The faculty members.
Men's manners have improved markedly since Genghis Khan's day. At heart, though, we're the same animals we were 800 years ago, which is to say we are status seekers. We may talk of equality and fraternity. We may strive for classless societies. But we go right on building hierarchies, and jockeying for status within them. Can we abandon the tendency? Probably not. As scientists are now discovering, status seeking is not just a habit or a cultural tradition. It's a design feature of the male psyche—a biological drive that is rooted in the nervous system and regulated by hormones and brain chemicals.
How do we know this relentless one-upmanship is a biological endowment? Anthropologists find the same pattern virtually everywhere they look and so do zoologists. Male competition is fierce among crickets, crayfish and elephants, and it's ubiquitous among higher primates, for example, male chimpanzees have an extraordinarily strong drive for dominance. Coincidence?
Evolutionists don't think so. From their perspective, life is essentially a race to repro-duke, and natural selection is bound to favor different strategies in different organisms. In reproductive terms, they have vastly more to gain from it. A female can't flood the gene pool by commandeering extra mates; no matter how much sperm she attracts, she is unlikely to produce more than a dozen viable offspring. But as Genghis Khan's exploits make clear, males can profit enormously by out mating their peers. It's not hard to see how that dynamic, played out over millions of years, would leave modern men fretting over status. We're built from the genes that the most determined competitors passed down.
Fortunately, we don't aspire to families of 800. As monogamy and contraceptives may have leveled the reproductive playfield, power has become its own psychological reward. Those who achieve high status still enjoy more sex with more partners than the rest of us, and the reason is no mystery. Researchers have consistently found that women favor signs of "earning capacity" over good looks. For sheer sex appeal, a doughy(脸色苍白的) bald guy in a Rolex will outscore a stud(非常英俊的男子) in a Burger King uniform. almost every time.
Genghis Khan is mentioned in the text to show _____.
A.that he is a man who enjoys great victory m possessing land.
B.the astonishing number of his offspring in the world.
C.how cruel and arrogant an emperor can be in the past.
D.males have a long history of craving for power.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly "political" artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May, 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pablo Picasso's Guernica to express the horror of war. Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros—as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martinez-depicted these Mexican artists' deep anger and sadness about social problems.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture's religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religions buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn't read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues are unholy.
More can be learned about a culture from a study of art history than general history because art history ______.
A.shows us the religious beliefs and emotions of a people in addition to political values
B.provides us with information about the daily activities of people in the past
C.gives us an insight into the essential qualities of a time and a place
D.all of the above