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Jupiter Communications, a market research firm, reports that 72% of teenagers in the U

nited States will be online by 2003 (Stanton, 2000). This alone indicates that students will learn and communicate electronically more than any previous generation. At the same time, teenagers are not the only digital learners. With the growing number of online courses, the increasing accessibility of computers, and the increasing number of computer users, students of all ages are taking advantage of distance learning or are using computers to enhance the traditional classroom experience.

Two things emerge in the study of students’attitudes toward online learning: individual situations impact students’ perceptions of computer-based learning, and students’ varied individual characteristics make it difficult to define their perceptions conclusively. For example, some students have their own computers, while others rely on computer labs. Such variation in computer access can result in attitudinal differences. In addition, the purpose of computer use varies. Distance education courses, for example, use computers in different ways than traditional classrooms, which can also affect students’ perceptions. A wide variety of achievement levels and attitudes exist among both online and traditional learners. Although an illusory “typical learner” exists, a variety of factors, including students’ gender, age, and motivation, could explain different reactions among the student population.

1).According to the passage, what does "digital learners" mean？（）

A、Learners of mathematics

B、Learners of information technology

C、Computer users

D、Online learners

2).What will make online learning more and more popular？（）

A、The crowded classrooms

B、The lower cost of computers

C、The increase of computer users

D、The previous generations interest in digital communication

3).Which of the following is the main factor that makes it difficult to define students'' perceptions of online learning definitely？（）

A、Learners'' varied locations

B、Learners'' varied characteristics

C、Learners'' varied communication skills

D、Learners'' varied experiences

4).What is the author''s attitude towards online learning？（）

A、cautious

B、indifferent

C、positive

D、negative

5).Who may become online learners？（）

A、Mainly teenagers

B、Mostly college students

C、Only working people with their own computers

D、People of all ages and backgrounds

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更多“Jupiter Communications, a mark…”相关的问题
第1题
The success of Augustus owed much to the character of Roman theorizing about the state. Th
e Romans did not produce ambitious blueprints (1)_____ the construction of ideal states, such as (2)_____ to the Greeks. With very few exceptions, Roman theorists ignored, or rejected (3)_____ valueless, intellectual exercises like Plato's Republic, in (4)_____ the relationship of the individual to the state was (5)_____ out painstakingly without reference to (6)_____ states or individuals. The closest the Roman came to the Greek model was Cicero's De Re Publica, and even here Cicero had Rome clearly in (7)_____. Roman thought about the state was concrete, even when it (8)_____ religious and moral concepts. The first ruler of Rome, Romulus, was (9)_____ to have received authority from the gods, specifically from Jupiter, the "guarantor" of Rome. All constitutional (10)_____ was a method of conferring and administering the (11)_____. Very clearly it was believed that only the assembly of the (12)_____, the family heads who formed the original senate, (13)_____ the religious character necessary to exercise authority, because its original function was to (14)_____ the gods. Being practical as well as exclusive, the senators moved (15)_____ to divide the authority, holding that their consuls, or chief officials, would possess it on (16)_____ months, and later extending its possession to lower officials. (17)_____ the important achievement was to create the idea of continuing (18)_____ authority embodied only temporarily in certain upper-class individuals and conferred only (19)_____ the mass of the people concurred. The system grew with enormous (20)_____, as new offices and assemblies were created and almost none discarded.

A．with

B．for

C．in

D．to

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第2题
To understand how astrology works, we should first take a quick look at the sky. Although
the stars are at enormous distances, they do indeed give the impression of being affixed to the inner surface of a great hollow sphere surrounding the earth. Ancient people, in fact, literally believed in the existence of such a celestial sphere. As the earth spins on its axis, the celestial sphere appears to turn about us each day, pivoting at points on a line with the earth’s axis of rotation. This daily turning of the sphere carries the stars around the sky, causing most of them to rise and set, but they, and constellations they define, maintain fixed patterns on the sphere, just as the continent of Australia maintains its shape on a spinning globe of the earth. Thus the stars were called fixed stars.

The motion of the sun along the ecliptic is, of course, merely a reflection of the revolution of the earth around the sun, but the ancients believed the earth was fixed and the sun had an independent motion of its own, eastward among the stars. The glare of sunlight hides the stars in daytime, but the ancients were aware that the stars were up there even at night, and the slow eastward motion of the sun around the sky, at the rate of about thirty degrees each month, caused different stars to be visible at night at different times of the year.

The moon, revolving around the earth each month, also has an independent motion in the sky. The moon, however changes it position relatively rapidly. Although it appears to rise and Set each day, as does nearly everything else in the sky, we can see the moon changing position during as short an interval as an hour or so. The moon’s path around the earth lies nearly in the same plane as the earth’s path around the sun, so the moon is never seen very far from the ecliptic in the sky. There are five other objects visible to the naked eye that also appear to move in respect to the fixed background of stars on the celestial sphere. These are the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. All of them revolve around the sun in nearly the same plane as the earth does. So they, like the moon, always appear near the ecliptic. Because we see the planets from the moving earth, however, they behave in a complicated way, with their apparent motions on the celestial sphere reflecting both their own independent motions around the sun and our motion as well.

The ancient people believed that

A．the earth was spinning on the axis of the sky.

B．the patterns of stars on the sky would never change.

C．the sky was a hollow sphere spinning around the earth.

D．the stars around the sky were not stationary.

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第3题
Text 2To understand how astrology works, we should first take a quick look at the sky. Alt

Text 2 To understand how astrology works, we should first take a quick look at the sky. Although the stars are at enormous distances, they do indeed give the impression of being affixed to the inner surface of a great hollow sphere surrounding the earth. Ancient people, in fact, literally believed in the existence of such a celestial sphere. As the earth spins on its axis, the celestial sphere appears to turn about us each day, pivoting at points on a line with the earth's axis of rotation. This daily turning of the sphere carries the stars around the sky, causing most of them to rise and set, but they, and constellations they define, maintains fixed patterns on the sphere, just as the continent of Australian maintains its shape on a spinning globe of the earth. Thus the stars were called fixed stars.

The motion of the sun along the ecliptic is, of course, merely a reflection of the revolution of the earth around the sun, but the ancients believed the earth was fixed and the sun had an independent motion of its own, eastward among the stars. The glare of sunlight hides the stars in daytime, but the ancients were aware that the stars were up there even at night, and the slow eastward motion of the sun around the sky, at the rate of about thirty degrees each month, caused different stars to be visible at night at different times of the year.

The moon, revolving around the earth each month, also has an independent motion in the sky. The moon, however, changes its position relatively rapidly. Although it appears to rise and set each day, as does nearly everything else in the sky, we can see the moon changing position during as short an interval as an hour or so. The moon's path around the earth lies nearly in the same plane as the earth's path around the sun, so the moon is never seen very far from the ecliptic in the sky. There are five other objects visible to the naked eye that also appear to move in respect to the fixed background of stars on the celestial sphere. These are the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and the Saturn. All of them revolve around the sun in nearly the same plane as the earth does, so they, like the moon, always appear near the ecliptic. Because we see the planets from the moving earth, however, they behave in a complicated way, with their apparent motions on the celestial sphere reflection both their own independent motions around the sun and our motion as well.

第26题：The ancient people believed that ________.

[A] the earth was spinning on the axis of the sky

[B] the sky was a hollow sphere spinning around the earth

[C] the patterns of stars on the sky would never change

[D] the stars around the sky were not stationary

点击查看答案
第4题
To understand how astrology works, we should first take a quick look at the sky. Although
file stars are at enormous distances, they do indeed give the impression of being affixed to the inner surface of a great hollow sphere surrounding the earth. Ancient people, in fact, literally believed in the existence of such a celestial sphere. As the earth spins on its axis, the celestial sphere appears to turn about us each day, pivoting at points on a line with the earth's axis of rotation. This daily turning of the sphere carries the stars around the sky, causing most of them to rise and set, but they, and constellations they define, maintain fixed patterns on the sphere, just as the continent of Australia maintains its shape on a spinning globe of the earth. Thus the stars were called fixed stars.

The motion of the sun along the ecliptic is, of course, merely a reflection of the revolution of the earth around the sun, but the ancients believed the earth was fixed and the sun had and independent motion of its own, eastward among the stars. The glare of sunlight hides the stars in daytime, but the ancients were aware that the stars were up there even at night, and the slow eastward motion of the sun around the sky, at the rate of about thirty degrees each month, caused different stars to be visible at night at different times of the year.

The moon, revolving around the earth each month, also has an independent motion in the sky. The moon, however, changes it position relatively rapidly. Although it appears to rise and set each day, as does nearly everything else in the sky, we can see the moon changing position during as short an interval as an hour or so. The moon's path around the earth lies nearly in the same plane as the earth's path around the sun, so the moon is never seen very far from the ecliptic in the sky. There are five other objects visible to the naked eye that also appear to move in respect to the fixed background of stars on the celestial sphere. These are the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. All of them revolve around the sun in nearly the same plane as the earth does, so they, like the moon, always appear near the ecliptic. Because we see the planets from the moving earth, however, they behave in a complicated way, with their apparent motions on the celestial sphere reflecting both their own independent motions around the sun and our motion as well.

The ancient people believed that ______.

A．the earth was spinning on the axis of the sky

B．the sky was a hollow sphere spinning around the earth

C．the patterns of stars on the sky would never change

D．the stars around the sky were not stationary

点击查看答案
第5题
Penny-pinching consumers and fierce price wars are bad news for the travel industry. Bad,
that is, for everyone except the booming online travel giants. Consider the sharp rebound of such online players as Travelocity and Expedia. While they suffered in the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks, with bookings off as much as 70%0 in the weeks that followed, business has snapped back. "The speed with which those businesses bounced back surprised even the people most bullish about the sector," says Mitchell J. Rubin, a money manager at New York-based Baron Capital, an investor in online travel stocks.

The travel industry's pain is often the online industry's gain, as suppliers push more discounted airline seats and hotel rooms to win back customers. And many of those deals are available only online. At the same time, online agencies rely primarily on leisure travelers, where traffic has rebounded more quickly than on the business side.

The two biggest players, Travelocity. Com Inc. and Expedia Inc, are locked in combat for the top spot. Both sold some $3 billion worth of travel last year, though Expedia topped Travelocity in the fourth quarter in gross bookings. And thanks in part to a greater emphasis on wholesale deals with suppliers, Expedia is more profitable. For the quarter ended in December, Expedia posted its first net profit, $5.2 million, even with noncash and nonrecurring charges, compared with Travelocity's $25 million loss.

The airlines' latest cost-cutting moves may only spur the online stampede. Major carriers are eliminating travel agent commissions in the U.S. That could lead to growing service charges for consumers at traditional agencies, driving still more travelers to the Web. Jupiter Media Metrix is predicting that online travel sales in the U.S. will jump 29%, to $31 billion this year, and to $50 billion by 2005. About half of that is from airlines' and other suppliers' own Web sites, but that still leaves plenty of room for the online agents.

This growing market is drawing plenty of competition and new players. Hotel and car rental franchiser Cendant Corp. snapped up Cheap Tickets last October. Barry Diller's USA Networks Inc. bought a controlling stake in Expedia. And a group of hotels, including Hilton Hotels and Hyatt Corp., are launching their own business this summer to market hotel rooms on the Net.

Is the field too crowded？ Analysts and online agencies aren't worried, figuring that there's plenty of new business to go around. But, for now, the clear winners are consumers, who can count on finding better service and better deals online.

We can learn from the beginning that the competition in the travel industry revolves chiefly around

A．suppliers markets.

B．price battles.

C．travel stocks.

D．online services.

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第6题
Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by c

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)

Penny-pinching consumers and fierce price wars are bad news for the travel industry. Bad, that is, for everyone except the booming on line travel giants. Consider the sharp rebound of such on-line players as Travelocity and Expedia. While they suffered in the wake of the September 11th terrorist attacks, with bookings off as much as 70% in the weeks that followed, business has snapped back. "The speed with which those businesses bounced back surprised even the people most bullish about the sector," says Mitchell J. Rubin, a money manager at New York-based Baron Capital, an investor in on-line travel stocks.

The travel industry's pain is often the on-line industry's gain, as suppliers push more discounted airline seats and hotel rooms to win back customers. And many of those deals are available only on dine. At the same time, on-line agencies rely primarily on leisure travelers, where traffic has rebounded more quickly than on the business side.

The two biggest players, Travelocity Com. Inc. and Expedia Inc., are locked in combat for the top spot. Both sold some $3 billion worth of travel last year, though Expedia topped Travelocity in the fourth quarter in gross bookings. And thanks in part to a greater emphasis on wholesale deals with suppliers, Expedia is more profitable. For the quarter ended in December, Expedia posted its first net profit, $5.2 million, even with noncash and nonrecurring charges, compared with Travelocity's $25 million loss.

The airlines' latest cost cutting moves may only spur the on-line stampede. Major carriers are eliminating travel agent commissions in the U.S. That could lead to growing service charges for consumers at traditional agencies, driving still more travelers to the Web. Jupiter Media Metrix is predicting that on line travel sales in the U.S. will jump 29%0, to $31 billion this year, and to $50 billion by 2005. About half of that is from airlines' and other suppliers' own Web sites, but that still leaves plenty of room for the online agents.

This growing market is drawing plenty of competition and new players. Hotel and car rental franchiser Cendant Corp. snapped up Cheap Tickets last October. Barry Diller's U.S.A Networks Inc. bought a controlling stake in Expedia. And a group of hotels, including Hilton Hotels and Hyatt Corp., are launching their own business this summer to market hotel rooms on the Net.

Is the field too crowded？ Analysts and on-line agencies aren't worried, figuring that there's plenty of new business to go around. But, for now, the clear winners are consumers, who can count on finding better services and better deals on line.

We can learn from the beginning that the competition in the travel industry revolves chiefly around

A．suppliers markets.

B．price battles.

C．travel stocks.

D．on line services.

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第7题
“Two centuries ago, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark left St. Lois to explore the new la
nds acquired in the Louisiana Purchase,” George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars. “They made that journey in the spirit of discovery... America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.”

Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission. First, Lewis and Clark were headed to a place amenable to life; hundreds of thousands of people were already living there. Second, Lewis and Clark were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation. Third, the Lewis and Clark venture cost next to nothing by today’s standards. In 1989 NASA estimated that a people-to-Mars program would cost $ 400 billion, which inflates to $ 600 billion today. But the fact that a destination is tantalizing does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology.

Present systems for getting from Earth’s surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending or other important programs or by raising taxes. Absent some remarkable discovery, astronauts, geologists and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck beholding the sky of another world.

It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration: pictures of the rings of Saturn and the outer planets, evidence of water on Mars and the moon of Jupiter, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system and study of the soil of Mars. All these accomplishments came from automated probes or automated space telescopes. Bush’s proposal, which calls for “reprogramming” some of NASA’s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science, the one aspect of space exploration that’s working really well.

Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology, why not take a decade or two decades, or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion？ If new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and if advanced propulsion could speed up that long, slow transit to Mars, then the dreams of stepping onto the Red Planet might become reality. Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.

The drive to explore is part of what makes us human, and exploration of the past has led to unexpected glories. Dreams must be tempered by realism, however. For the moment, going to Mars is hopelessly unrealistic.

George Bush’s comparison of Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission is mentioned

A．to show that both are of the same and immediate value.

B．to encourage the American people to venture into space.

C．to display the same spirit of discovery in space exploration.

D．to stress that a Mars mission lacks sound and solid basis.

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