题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
According to Dr. Liu's paper, the dwindling of biodiversity is due to
A．the reduction in average home size.
B．the improvement of living conditions.
C．the increasing number of residences.
D．the decline of population growth rate.
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更多“According to Dr. Liu's paper, …”相关的问题
According to the text, Dr. Singer\'s attitude to male revenge impulse is ________.
A. sympathetic
B. detached
C. positive
D. negative
According to Dr. Marcie Schneider and Erica Leon ______.
A．it is too bad for youngsters to be a bit fat
B．it is necessary for the children to be a bit fat
C．youngsters should struggle with their body image
D．overweight children should not diet
Which of the following is true according to the text？
A．In his paper, Dr. Arien proves that HIV is weakening in Europe and Africa.
B．Two kinds of blood samples are placed in two different cell cultures to be observed.
C．Dr. Arien has made the cause of attenuation of virus clear.
D．There are 3/4 of the viruses in Dr. Arien's study proving to be less harmful.
According to the third paragraph, Dr. Davies implies that_____.
［A］ cosmetic surgery, though costly, is worth having
［B］ cosmetic surgery is too expensive
［C］ cosmetic surgery is necessary even for the average person
［D］ cosmetic surgery is mainly for the rich and famous
According to Dr. Alberti, our organization is constructed to ______.
A．get people to trust their own solutions to problems
B．keep people as knowledgeable as their "superiors"
C．train people's capacity to speak up for their rights
D．make things more favorable for "superiors"
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
The planet's wild creatures face a new threat from yuppies, empty nesters, singletons and one parent families. Biologists studying the pressure on the planet's dwindling biodiversity today report on a new reason for alarm. Although the rate of growth in the human population is decreasing, the number of individual households is exploding. Even where populations have actually dwindled—in some regions of New Zealand, for instance—the number of individual households has increased, because of divorce, career choice, smaller families and longer lifespans.
Jianguo Liu of Michigan State University and colleagues from Stanford University in California re port in Nature, in a paper published online in advance, that a greater number of individual house holds, each containing on average fewer people, meant more pressure on natural resources. Towns and cities began to sprawl as new homes were built. Each household needed fuel to heat and light it; each household required its own plumbing, cooking and refrigeration. "In larger households, the efficiency of resource consumption will be a lot higher, because more people share things," Dr. Liu said. He and his colleagues looked at the population patterns of life in 141 countries, including 76 "hotspot" regions unusually rich in a variety of endemic wildlife. These hot spots included Australia, New Zealand, the US, Brazil, China, India, Kenya, and Italy. They found that between 1985 and 2000 in the "hotspot" parts of the globe, the annual 3.1% growth rate in the number of households was far higher than the population growth rate of 1.8 %.
"Had the average household size remained at the 1985 level," the scientists report, "there would have been 155m fewer households in hotspot countries in 2000. Paradoxically, smaller households do not mean smaller homes. In Indian River County, Florida, the average area of a one-storey, single family house increased 33 % in the past three decades."
Dr. Liu's work grew from the alarming discovery that the giant pandas living in China's Wolong reserve were more at risk now than they were when the reserve was first established. The local population had grown, but the total number of homes had increased more swiftly, to make greater inroads into the bamboo forests.
Gretchen Daily of Stanford, one of the authors, said: "We all depend on open space and wild places, not just for peace of mind but for vital services such as crop pollination, water purification and climate stabilization. The alarming thing about this study is the finding that, if family groups continue to become smaller and smaller, we might continue losing biodiversity—even if we get the aggregate human population size stabilised."
The first paragraph mainly tells us that
A．the amount of wildlife is diminishing.
B．the population of human is decreasing.
C．New Zealanders live an unstable life.
D．the structure of families is changing.
In America, the debate is no longer about whether surgery is normal; rather, it centers on what age people should be before going under the knife. New York surgeon Dr. Gerard Imber recommends "maintenance" work for people in their thirties. "The idea of waiting until one needs a heroic transformation is silly", he says. "By then, you've wasted 20 great years of your life and allowed things to get out of hand". Dr. Imber draws the line at operating on people who are under 18, however, "It seems that someone we don't consider old enough to order a drink shouldn't be considering plastic surgery".
In the UK cosmetic surgery has long been seen as the exclusive domain of the very rich and famous. But the proportionate cost of treatment has fallen substantially, bringing all but the most advanced laser technology within the reach of most people, Dr. Davies, who claims to "cater for the average person", agrees. He says: "I treat a few of the rich and famous and an awful lot of secretaries. Of course, 3, 000 for an operation is a lot of money. But it is also an investment for life which costs about half the price of a good family holiday".
Dr. Davies suspects that the increasing sophistication of the fat injecting and removal techniques that allow patients to be treated with a local anaesthetic in an afternoon has also helped promote the popularity of cosmetic surgery. Yet, as one woman who recently paid ￡2,500 for liposuction to remove fat from her thighs admitted, the slope to becoming a cosmetic surgery Veteran is a deceptively gentle one. "I had my legs done because they'd been bugging me for years. But going into the clinic was so low key and effective it whetted my appetite. Now I don't think there's any operation that I would rule out having if I could afford it".
According to the text, the reason for cosmetic surgery is to
A．be physically healthy.
B．look more normal.
C．satisfy appetite.
D．be accepted by media.
"Not so," say scientists Dr. Darley and Dr. Fatane. They' ve found the reasons why people don' t act. According to them, a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice there is an emergency.
Suppose you see u middle-aged man fall onto the ground. Is he having a heart attack, or some other physical trouble？ Or is he simply about to sleep off a drunk？ So it' s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency.
Second and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel himself responsible. He must feel that he must help.
The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They asked college students to come in to be "tested". Some came alone, some with one or two others, and some in large groups. When they came in, either alone, in pairs, or in groups, a lady went into the next room. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of something falling and a cry for help. All of this had been prerecorded on a tape-recorder.
Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped,
In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn' t. They do not feel any direct responsibility.
Why didn't the thirty-two people act to help Kitty according to the passage？
A．Because they were afraid to be killed.
B．Because they were cruel in their hearts.
C．Because they thought others would help.
D．Because they didn't notice the emergency,
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. "Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men," according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York's Veteran's Administration Hospital.
Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.
Adding to a woman's increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased "opportunities" for stress. "It's not necessarily that women don't cope as well. It's just that they have so much more to cope with," says Dr. Yehuda. "Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men's," she observes," it's just that they're dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner."
Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. "I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed lo more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating."
Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. "I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better." Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. "It's the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck."
Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez's experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.
Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs？
A．Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.
B．Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.
C．Woman are more experienced than men in coping with stress.
D．Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.
